1.Which planet is known as “Bright Wandering Star”?

[A] Mars
[B] Venus
[C] Saturn
[D] Jupiter

 

Correct Answer: D [Jupiter]

Notes:
The word ‘planet’ comes from the ancient Greek ἀστήρ πλανήτης (astēr planētēs), meaning “wandering star”. The large number of stars observed in the heavens were classified into fixed stars and wandering stars. Fixed stars were those with respect to which the movement of the celestial bodies were measured. Wandering stars were those whose relative distances with respect to the fixed stars keep changing. Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Mercury and Saturn belonged to the latter category. Among these, Jupiter was known as Bright Wandering Star.

2.Territories of which of the following does not touch the Dead Sea?

[A] Lebanon
[B] Jordan
[C] Israel
[D] Palestine

 

Correct Answer: A [ Lebanon ]

Notes:
Dead Sea is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. It is also lowest point of Asia, 395 meters down sea level.

3.Sun shines exactly over equator for how many times a year?

[A] Once in a year
[B] twice in a year
[C] four times a year
[D] 12 times in a year

 

Correct Answer: B [twice in a year]

Notes:
The sunshines generally occur over the equator twice a year. During the summer equinox and autumn equinox.

4.Which country is called “Sugar Bowl of world”?

[A] Norway
[B] Sweden
[C] India
[D] Cuba

 

Correct Answer: D [Cuba]

Notes:
Cuba is traditionally known as the “Sugar bowl of the world” as it used to be the worlds largest sugar producer. But now brazil has taken the top spot in sugar production.

5.Which among the following referred to ‘Trucial States’?

[A] United States of America
[B] United Arab Emirates
[C] Central African countries
[D] Caribbean Countries

 

Correct Answer: B [United Arab Emirates ]

Notes:
The Trucial States was the name the British government gave to a group of tribal confederations in south-eastern Arabia. They had been known as the “Pirate Coast” which is UAE.

6.Which among the following is the most populous country of Africa?

[A] Niger
[B] Nigeria
[C] Egypt
[D] Algeria

 

Correct Answer: B [Nigeria]

Notes:
Nigeria has the largest population of Africa. It has 206 million individuals, whereas Ethiopia, which ranked second, had 115 million inhabitants.

7.What is rank of Earth in Solar system in terms of mean Radius?

[A] 1st
[B] 3rd
[C] 5th
[D] 7th

 

Correct Answer: C [5th]

Notes:
The rank of earth in terms of mean radius is 5. Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus are top 3 countries with mean radius.

8.The “Helmand Province” of Afghanistan is famous for cultivation of __:

[A] Tobacco
[B] Opium
[C] wheat
[D] Cotton

 

Correct Answer: B [Opium]

Notes:
Helmand is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in south of the country. Helmand is believed to be one of the world’s largest opium-producing regions, responsible for around 75% of the world’s total production. This is believed to be more than the whole of Burma, which is the second largest producing nation after Afghanistan.

9.Consider the following statements:

1. The time difference between any two lines of longitude is of eleven minutes
2. Zero degrees longitude is known as Greenwich Meridian line

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

[A] 1 Only
[B] 2 Only
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2

 

Correct Answer: B [2 Only]

Notes:
First statement is incorrect because the time difference between any two lines of longitude is of four minutes. Second statement is correct.

10.Which of the following correctly describes the so called “harvest moon”?

[A] full moon closest to the autumnal equinox
[B] new moon closest to the vernal equinox
[C] full moon closest to vernal equinox
[D] new moon closest to autumnal equinox

 

Correct Answer: A [full moon closest to the autumnal equinox]

Notes:
The “harvest moon” is a traditional term for the full moon occurring during autumn, in the northern hemisphere usually on September 22 or 23.

11.On the basis of which of the following are landforms classified?

[A] Orientation
[B] Elevation
[C] Slope
[D] All of the above

 

Correct Answer: D [All of the above]

Notes:
The study of landforms is called as geomorphology. Landforms are classified on the basis of stratification, elevation, slope, orientation etc.

12.Which among the following form features called castellated chimneys?

[A] Demoiselles
[B] Yardangs
[C] Zeugen
[D] Deflation hollows

 

Correct Answer: A [Demoiselles]

Notes:
Demoiselles also called as Earth pillars. Earth pillars are formed in areas where hard rock surfaces protect a softer underlying rock. Earth pillars are also called a s chimneys and when they occur in groups, they are called as castellated chimneys.

13.Which among the following is a frost-induced raised land form in permafrost areas with mineral-rich soils where a perennial ice lens has developed within the soil?

[A] Hummock
[B] Cryoplantation
[C] Lithalsa
[D] Rock glacier

 

Correct Answer: C [Lithalsa]

Notes:
Lithalsa is a cryogenic landform. It is a frost induced landform with mineral rich soils where perennial ice lens is developed in the soil.

14.Bornhardts are commonly composed of which rocks?

[A] Igneous
[B] Metamorphic
[C] Sedimentary
[D] None of the above

 

Correct Answer: A [Igneous]

Notes:
Bornhardts are steep sided dome shaped landforms. They are best seen in semi arid and arid landscapes. They are mainly composed of igneous rocks. e.g. Granites.

15.What is the landform created by deposition of sediment that is carried by a river as the flow leaves its mouth and enters slower-moving or stagnant water called?

[A] Delta
[B] Floodplain
[C] Marsh
[D] Alluvial fan

 

Correct Answer: A [Delta]

Notes:
Delta is a depositional landform created by the deposition of the sediment that is carried by a river as the flow leaves its mouth and enters a slow moving or stagnant water.

16.Which among the following landforms are associated with lakes?

[A] Karst landforms
[B] Impact landforms
[C] Lacustrine landforms
[D] Cryogenic landforms

 

Correct Answer: C [Lacustrine landforms ]

Notes:
Lacustrine landforms are landforms associated with lakes. These landforms include:
Beach, oasis, lake, salt pan, pond, etc.

17.What kind of a landform are Carolina Bays?

[A] Karst Landform
[B] Glacial Landform
[C] Lacustrine Landform
[D] Impact Landform

 

Correct Answer: C [Lacustrine Landform ]

Notes:
Carolina Bays are elliptical depressions along the Atlantic seaboard within coastal Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina and South Carolina. They are lacustrine landforms.

18.Which is the world’s largest saline inland sea?

[A] Aral sea
[B] Mediterranean sea
[C] Black sea
[D] Caspian sea

 

Correct Answer: D [Caspian sea]

Notes:
Endorheic basins are basins which have a limited drainage and which normally retains water. It does not allow the outflow to other external bodies like rivers or oceans.
Caspian sea is the worlds’s largest inland saline sea.

19.What kind of terrace is formed when geothermally heated supersaturated alkaline waters emerge to the surface and form waterfalls of precipitated carbonates?

[A] Lacustrine terrace
[B] Fluvial terrace
[C] Travertine terrace
[D] Kame terrace

 

Correct Answer: C [Travertine terrace]

Notes:
Travertine terrace is a kind of terrace formed when geothermally heated supersaturated alkaline water emerges to the surface. It generally forms waterfalls of precipitated carbonates  once they emerge.

20.What is a ridge that descends towards a valley floor called?

[A] Faceted spur
[B] Graben
[C] Horst
[D] Dome

 

Correct Answer: A [Faceted spur]

Notes:
Faceted Spur or truncated spur is a spur which is a ridge that descends towards a valley floor. It ends in an inverted V-face. They are formed by active faulty especially normal faulting producing triangular facets.

21.Bornhardts are commonly composed of which rocks?

[A] Igneous
[B] Metamorphic
[C] Sedimentary
[D] None of the above

 

Correct Answer: A [Igneous]

Notes:
Bornhardts are steep sided dome shaped landforms. They are best seen in semi arid and arid landscapes. They are mainly composed of igneous rocks. e.g. Granites.

22.What is science of the study of the aspects of caves and their formation called?

[A] Sedimentology
[B] Cosmology
[C] Speleology
[D] Geomorphology

 

Correct Answer: C [Speleology]

Notes:
Caves are a natural void in the ground particularly formed due to weathering of the rock. Speleology is the study of the caves and their formation.

23.Which among the following type of erosional feature is common in Madagascar?

[A] Lahars
[B] Lavaka
[C] Chinook
[D] Hoodoo

 

Correct Answer: B [Lavaka]

Notes:
Lavaka (hole) is usually found on the side of a hill. It is a common erosional feature in Madagascar.  They are a type of gully formed by groundwater sapping.

24.What is the Arabic term traditionally referred to Valley?

[A] Lahar
[B] Loo
[C] Wadi
[D] Koppie

 

Correct Answer: C [Wadi]

Notes:
Wadi is the Arabic word traditionally used to refer to valley. It is sometimes used for a riverbed which contains water only when heavy rains occur.

25.What is a clear line on the side of a valley marking the most recent highest extent of the glacier called?

[A] Truncated spur
[B] Ridge line
[C] Summit
[D] Trim line

 

Correct Answer: D [Trim line]

Notes:
Trim line is a clear line on the side of a valley marking the most recent highest extent of the glacier.

26.Which among the following pairs of volcanic landforms is/are not correctly matched?

1. Guyot – An isolated, flat-topped underwater volcano mountain
2. Hornito – Low-relief volcanic crater
3. Mid-ocean ridge –Low profile volcano usually formed almost entirely of fluid lava flows

Select the correct code from the options given below:

[A] Only 1 & 3
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3

 

Correct Answer: B [Only 2 & 3]

Notes:
Hornitos are conical structures built up by lava ejected through an opening in the crust of a lava flow.
Mid oceanic ridges are underwater mountain systems formed by plate tectonic spreading. It forms at divergent plate boundaries.

27.Which among the following statements is not correct about the landform Nubbin?

[A] It is a small and gentle hill consisting of a bedrock core dotted with rounded residual blocks
[B] They occur in patterned groups
[C] It is a weathering landform
[D] It is mostly found in arid areas

 

Correct Answer: D [It is mostly found in arid areas]

Notes:
Nubbin is a small and gentle hill consisting of a bedrock core dotted with rounded residual blocks is called a Nubbin. They are weathered landforms that occur in patterned groups. They are found in humid tropical and monsoon climate areas.

28.Which river island became the first island district in India?

[A] Srirangam
[B] Bhavani
[C] Majuli
[D] Shivanasamudram

 

Correct Answer: C [Majuli ]

Notes:
Majuli is a river island on the river Brahmaputra in the state of Assam, India. It is the first island to be made a district in 2016 in India

29.The Fly Delta is located in which among the following countries?

[A] Papua New Guinea
[B] New Zealand
[C] Australia
[D] Malaysia

 

Correct Answer: A [Papua New Guinea]

Notes:
The Fly delta is a river delta on the fly river. It is a funnel shaped and a tide dominated delta. It is located in Papua New Guinea.

30.In which among the following countries is the Nile Delta located?

[A] Tunisia
[B] Egypt
[C] Syria
[D] Iraq

 

Correct Answer: B [Egypt]

Notes:
The Nile Delta is a delta formed in lower Egypt. It drains into the Mediterranean Sea. It is one of the largest river Deltas of the world.

31.Which among the following river islands is not located on the banks of river Brahmaputra?

[A] Majuli
[B] Dibru Saikhowa
[C] Umananda
[D] Srirangam

 

Correct Answer: D [Srirangam ]

Notes:
The Srirangam island also known as Thiruvarangam island is situated on the banks of river Kaveri in India. It is the home to significant population of Sri Vaishnavites.

32.Which is the largest lake by area in Africa?

[A] Lake Superior
[B] Lake Victoria
[C] Lake Baikal
[D] Lake Ontario

 

Correct Answer: B [Lake Victoria]

Notes:
Lake Victoria is bordered by Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. It is the largest lake by area in Africa.

33.Which among the following coastal cities is located in Scotland?

[A] Venice
[B] Edinburgh
[C] Perth
[D] New Orleans

 

Correct Answer: B [Edinburgh]

Notes:
The coastal city Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland. It is famous for its Fringe festival. It is also famous for an extinct volcano named Arthur’s Seat.

34.Which among the following coastal cities is located in Norway?

[A] Halong Bay
[B] Lofoten Islands
[C] Great Ocean Road
[D] Big Sur

 

Correct Answer: B [Lofoten Islands]

Notes:
The Lofoten Islands is regarded as the world’s most beautiful Archipelagos. It is located where the Northern Norway meets the Arctic Circle.

35.The coastal city Helsinki is situated in which among the following countries?

[A] Scotland
[B] Germany
[C] Russia
[D] Finland

 

Correct Answer: D [Finland]

Notes:
The coastal city Helsinki is the capital of Finland. It is the northernmost European capital. It sits on the Gulf of Finland.

36.Which is the largest plain in Japan?

[A] Kanto
[B] Nullarbor
[C] Salisbury
[D] Pannonian

 

Correct Answer: A [Kanto ]

Notes:
The Kanto Plain is the largest plain in Japan. It is in the Kanto Region of central Honshu. The plain covers an area of 17000 sq.km. Large number of plateaus form a part of this plain.

37.The Utkal plain is a part of which among the following states of India?

[A] Maharashtra
[B] Gujrat
[C] Odisha
[D] Rajasthan

 

Correct Answer: C [Odisha]

Notes:
The Utkal plain is a coastal plain in the state of Odisha, India. It includes the delta of the Mahanadi River, Brahmani River, Baitarani River. The Chilkha lake is the most prominent physiographic feature of this plain.

38.Where is the Gobi Desert located?

[A] Eastern Asia
[B] Western Asia
[C] Southern Asia
[D] Western Africa

 

Correct Answer: A [Eastern Asia]

Notes:
The Gobi Desert is a large desert is East Asia. It covers parts of Northern and Northeastern China and of Southern Mongolia. It has an area of 1,295,000 square kilometres. It is a cold Desert.

39.Which among the following is not a Planetary wind?

[A] Trade Winds
[B] Monsoons
[C] Easterlies
[D] Westerlies

 

Correct Answer: B [Monsoons ]

Notes:
Permanent winds are the planetary winds which blow extensively over continents and oceans. Permanent winds or Planetary winds include:
Trade winds
Easterlies
Westerlies

Monsoons are seasonal winds that change their direction in different seasons.

40.Which among the following statements is/are correct about the Atlantic Ocean?

1. It is the second largest ocean in the world
2. It separates the “Old World” from the “New World”
3. It occupies an elongated triangle-shaped basin
4. It is a busiest ocean in terms of trade and commerce

Select the correct code from the options given below:

[A] Only 1, 2 & 4
[B] Only 1 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

 

Correct Answer: A [Only 1, 2 & 4]

Notes:
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. It covers approximately 20 percent of Earth’s surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the “Old World” from the “New World”. The Atlantic Ocean is a busiest ocean in terms of trade and commerce. The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Europe and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west.

41.Which soil layer is also known as the parent rock?

[A] A – Horizon
[B] E – Horizon
[C] C – Horizon
[D] D – Horizon

 

Correct Answer: C [C – Horizon]

Notes:
C – Horizon is also known as the parent rock, it comprises of the parent rock material which eroded from the layers below and got accumulated in this horizon. It is in the form of large rocks which are sometimes unbroken. It also acts as a zone of accumulation of soluble inorganic compounds which percolate down to this horizon.

42.Which among the following is the coldest of all biomes?

[A] Tundra
[B] Taiga
[C] Grassland
[D] Desert

 

Correct Answer: A [Tundra]

Notes:
Tundra biome is the coldest of all the biomes. It is among the harshest biome and they are found in the arctic region and on top of mountains where the climate is cold and windy and the rainfall is scanty. The tundra regions are covered with snow most of the year and summer brings blooms of wild flowers.

43.Which theory describes that the savannah was expanding due to increasingly arid conditions, which then drove hominin adaptation?

[A] Turnover pulse hypothesis
[B] Red Queen hypothesis
[C] Toba catastrophe theory
[D] Aridity hypothesis

 

Correct Answer: D [Aridity hypothesis]

Notes:
Evolution involves the gradual changes from simple to more complex forms. Humans are believed to have developed from simpler forms.
Aridity hypothesis – The theory that the savannah was expanding due to increasingly arid conditions, which then drove hominin adaptation.

44.What are tribes inhabiting the region to the south of the Great Lakes called?

[A] Fox
[B] Haida
[C] Hamites
[D] Bindibu

 

Correct Answer: A [Fox]

Notes:
A Tribe can be defined as an aggregate of people linked together by means of social ties, a common language and the recognition of a common cultural heritage.
Fox are the tribal people in US inhabiting the region to the south of the Great Lakes.

45.What are the Indian inhabitants of the northwestern coast of Canada called?

[A] Haida
[B] Hamites
[C] Bindibu
[D] Bedouins

 

Correct Answer: A [Haida]

Notes:
The tribal societies are today found in many parts of the world and they live by activities like hunting, gathering, plant cultivation, animal rearing, fishing, etc.
Haida – Indian inhabitants of the northwestern coast of Canada getting their sustenance by hunting and fishing.

46.Which among the following factors is/are associated with the consequences of Migration?

1. Demographic
2. Economic
3. Socio-cultural
4. Physiological

Select the correct code from the options given below:

[A] Only 1 & 3
[B] Only 2 & 4
[C] 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

 

Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]

Notes:
The area of origin, the area of destination and the migrants themselves are affected and altered profoundly as a result of migration.
The consequences of migrations can be thought of as being:
– demographic
– economic
– socio-cultural
– physiological

47.Anthracite, Bituminous, lignite are types of which among the following minerals?

[A] Iron
[B] Bauxite
[C] Coal
[D] Aluminium

 

Correct Answer: C [Coal]

Notes:
Coal has been used as a source of energy since very long time. It formed the foundation of the industrial revolution.
On the basis of carbon content, coal is classified into a number of types, the most important types being:
– Anthracite (carbon content above 90 per cent)
– Bituminous (carbon content 40 to 80 per cent)
– Lignite and Brown coal or Peat (carbon content below 40 per cent)

48.Which among the following factors of labor is/are vital in every manufacturing industry?

1. Cost of labor
2. Availability of labor
3. Stability of labor
4. Productivity of labor

Select the correct code from the options given below:

[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 4
[C] Only 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

 

Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]

Notes:
The cost, availability, stability and productivity of labour are vital factors in every manufacturing enterprise. The location of industry is also conditioned by supply of labour. Industrial location is influenced by both quantity and quality of labour available in the area.

49.Which among the following region has the highest density of rail network?

[A] Eastern Asia
[B] Western Europe
[C] South east Asia
[D] North America

 

Correct Answer: B [Western Europe]

Notes:
Railways are the major carriers of passenger and freight traffic in countries having a developed rail network. At the global level, the most important regions with a high density of railroad network include Western Europe, eastern parts of US, Russia, Japan, China, India and southern parts of Africa.
Western European region has the highest density of rail network.

50.What are principal roads connecting important places called?

[A] Sideways
[B] Highways
[C] Pucca Roads
[D] Expressways

 

Correct Answer: B [Highways ]

Notes:
Principal roads connecting important places are called highways. Highways are mostly of better quality. In India the term highway is generally used to refer to a trunk route connecting major cities. Highways with divided lanes and limited access are called expressways.