“The Knowledge Library”

Knowledge for All, without Barriers…

An Initiative by: Kausik Chakraborty.

“The Knowledge Library”

Knowledge for All, without Barriers……….
An Initiative by: Kausik Chakraborty.

The Knowledge Library

Indian Constitution Part – I

Indian Constitution: Articles and Parts

Indian Constitution when adopted by Constituent Assembly in 1949 had 395 articles and 22 parts. Additional articles and parts are inserted through various amendments. As of now, the Indian constitution contains  448 articles in 25 parts. There are 12 schedules in the Indian constitution.

The Constitution of India begins with a Preamble that specifies the feature of the Indian State and the objectives it is committed to secure. The constitution of India is the largest written constitution. Indian constitution makes the government system work.

Indian Constitution

PARTS OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION

Part

Subject

Articles

Part I

The union & Its Territory

Article 1 – 4

Part II

Citizenship

Article 5 – 11

Part III

Fundamental Rights

Article 12 – 35

Part IV

Directive Principles

Article 36 – 51

Part IVA

Fundamental Duties

Article 51A

Part V

The Union

Article 52 – 151

Part VI

The States

Article 152 – 237

Part VII

The States In Part B of the First Schedule

Repealed By Constitution (7th Amendment) Act .1956

Part VIII

The Union Territories

Article 239 – 242

Part IX

The Panchayats

Article 243 – 243O

Part IXA

The Municipalities

Article 243 P – 243ZG

Part X

The Scheduled and Tribal Areas

Article 244 – 244A

Part XI

Relations between the Union And The States

Article 245 – 263

Part XII

Finance, Property, Contracts, and Suits

Article 264 – 300A

Part XIII

Trade, Commerce, and Intercourse within the Territory Of India

Article 301 – 307

Part XIV

Service Under the Union and the States

Article 308 – 323

Part XIVA

Tribunals

Article 323A –  323B

Part XV

Elections

Article 324 – 329(329A -Repealed)

Part XVI

Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes

Article 330 – 342

Part XVII

Official Language

Article 343 – 351

Part XVIII

Emergency provisions

Article 352-360(359A-Repealed)

Part XIX

Miscellaneous

Article 361 – 367 (362-Repealed)

Part XX

Amendment of the Constitution

Article 368

Part XXI

Temporary Transitional and Special Provisions

Article 369 – 392(379-391 Repealed)

Part XXII

Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi, and Repeals

Article 393 – 395

ARTICLES OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION

Part I: The union & Its Territory ( Article 1- 4 )

 

Article

Importance

1

Name and territory of the Union

2

Admission or establishment of new States

2A

Repealed

3

Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries, or names of existing States

4

Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental, and consequential matters

    

 Part II: Citizenship  ( Article 5 – 11)

Article

Importance

5

Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution

6

Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan

7

Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.

8

Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India

9

Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens.

10

Continuance of the rights of citizenship.

11

Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

Part III : Fundamental Rights  ( Article 12 – 35 )

Article

Importance

General

12

Definition.

13

Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights

Right to Equality

14

Equality before law.

15

Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth

16

Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.

17

Abolition of Untouchability

18

Abolition of titles

Right to Freedom

19

Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.

20

Protection in respect of conviction for offences.

21

Protection of life and personal liberty.

21 A

Right to education

22

Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases

Right against Exploitation

23

Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor.

24

Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc

Right to Freedom of Religion

25

Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion.

26

Freedom to manage religious affairs

27

Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.

28

Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.

Cultural and Educational Rights

29

Protection of interests of minorities.

30

Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions

31

Repealed

Saving of Certain Laws

31A

Saving of Laws providing for the acquisition of estates, etc.

31B

Validation of certain Acts and Regulations

31C

Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles

31D

Repealed

Right to Constitutional Remedies

32

Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part

32A

Repealed

33

Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc

34

Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area

35

Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part.

Part IV : Directive Principles  ( Article 36-51 )

Article

Importance

36

Definition

37

Application of the principles contained in this Part.

38

State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people

39

Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State.

39A

Equal justice and free legal aid

40

Organization of village panchayats

41

Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases

42

Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.

43

A living wage, etc., for workers.

43A

Participation of workers in the management of industries.

44

Uniform civil code for the citizens.

45

Provision for free and compulsory education for children.

46

Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections

47

Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health

48

Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry.

48A

Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife.

49

Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance.

50

Separation of judiciary from the executive

51

Promotion of international peace and security.

Part IVA : Fundamental Duties (Article  51A )

Article

Importance

51A

Fundamental duties

Part V: The Union (Article 52 -151)

Article

Importance

                                   Chapter: I   The Executive

The President and Vice-President

52

The President of India

53

The executive power of the Union.

54

Election of President.

55

Manner of election of President

56

Term of office of President.

57

Eligibility for re-election.

58

Qualifications for election as President.

59

Conditions of President’s office.

60

Oath or affirmation by the President.

61

Procedure for impeachment of the President.

62

Time of holding election to fill a vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill a casual vacancy

63

The Vice-President of India

64

The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States.

65

The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President

66

Election of Vice-President

67

Term of office of Vice-President

68

Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy

69

Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President

70

Discharge of President’s functions in other contingencies

71

Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President.

72

Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.

73

The extent of executive power of the Union.

Council of Ministers

74

Council of Ministers to aid and advise President.

75

Other provisions as to Ministers.

The Attorney-General for India

76

Attorney-General for India.

Conduct of Government Business

77

Conduct of business of the Government of India.

78

Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc

 Chapter II : Parliament

General

79

Constitution of Parliament

80

Composition of the Council of States

81

Composition of the House of the People.

82

Readjustment after each census

83

Duration of Houses of Parliament.

84

Qualification for membership of Parliament.

85

Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution.

86

Right of President to address and send messages to Houses

87

Special address by the President

88

Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses

Officers of Parliament

89

The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States.

90

Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman.

91

Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.

92

The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration

93

The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People

94

Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.

95

Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker

96

The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.

97

Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker

98

Secretariat of Parliament

Conduct of Business

99

Oath or affirmation by members

100

Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum.

Disqualifications of Members

101

Vacation of seats.

102

Disqualifications for membership.

103

Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.

104

Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified.

Powers, Privileges, and Immunities of Parliament and its Members

105

Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof.

106.

Salaries and allowances of members

Legislative Procedure

107

Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.

108

Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.

109

Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.

110

Definition of “Money Bills”

111

Assent to Bills.

Procedure in Financial Matters

112

Annual financial statement.

113

Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates.

114

Appropriation Bills.

115

Supplementary, additional or excess grants.

116

Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.

117

Special provisions as to financial Bills.

Procedure Generally

118

Rules of procedure

119

Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business.

120

Language to be used in Parliament.

121

Restriction on discussion in Parliament.

122

Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament.

Chapter III : Legislative Powers Of The President

123

Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament.

                                       Chapter IV : The Union Judiciary

124

Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court.

125

Salaries, etc., of Judges

126

Appointment of acting Chief Justice.

127

Appointment of ad hoc judges.

128

Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court.

129.

Supreme Court to be a court of record

130

Seat of Supreme Court

131

Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

131A

Repealed

132

Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases

133.

Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to Civil matters

134

Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters

134A

Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court.

135

Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court.

136

Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court.

137

Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court.

138

Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.

139

Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs.

139A

Transfer of certain cases.

140

Ancillary powers of Supreme Court.

141

Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts.

142

Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc.

143

Power of President to consult Supreme Court.

144

Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court.

144A

Repealed

145

Rules of Court, etc.

146

Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court.

147

Interpretation

  Chapter V : Comptroller  And Auditor-General Of India

148

Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

149

Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General

150

Form of accounts of the Union and of the States

151

Audit reports.

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