Introduction Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire. He captured Kabul from one of his uncles. He wanted to capture India and launched four

Introduction Both these kingdoms arose when the control of the Sultanate over the Deccan became weak during the reign of Muhammad- bin-Tughlaq. Both were founded

Introduction The coming of Islam to India resulted in many things. One was the exchange of religious ideas between the Hindus and Muslims. This led

Introduction The Delhi sultanate had a powerful administrative system. The authority extended as south as Madurai. It had an impact on the provincial kingdoms and

Introduction The Arab invasions led to the establishment of the Delhi sultanate. This flourished for about three centuries. The Delhi sultanate consisted of: Aibak (Slave), Khilji,

Introduction Post Harshavardhan era Harshavardhan observed the same system of administration as the Guptas and so when he conquered new kings he would allow them

Introduction The complex rituals and sacrifices of the Brahmins in the later Vedic period weren’t acceptable to the common people. The sacrifices and rituals were

Introduction After the end of the Sangam age, the Cholas became feudatories but rose again to prominence in 9 century AD. These were the years

Pallavas dynasty: After the Sangam age ended, the Kalabraha’s captured the south and ruled for 250 years till the Pallavas dynasty started. The Pallavas ruled

Introduction The decline of the Gupta Empire in the north created political disunity which was resolved after Harshavardhan established his Empire. The details of Harshavardhan’s Empire

Introduction In 4 Century AD, a new dynasty emerged over Magadha and ruled a large part of North India. Their rule lasted for over 200

Introduction South of the Deccan plateau, the land between the Venkatam hills and Kanyakumari is known as the Tamilaham. The Sangam texts mention three chiefs

Introduction Stonemasonry was introduced on a large scale by the Mauryans. Ashoka’s contribution to Indian art was a number of monolithic pillars which bore his

Introduction The Foundation of the Mauryan Empire opened a new era in the history of India. Kautilya’s Arthashastra gave a glimpse of this period. Megasthenes was a noble

Introduction The Brahmanas and Upanishads composed 800 years ago refer to the Janapada and Mahajanpadas and provide us an insight into the settlement of agricultural

Chalcolithic settlements This was a transition phase when both copper or bronze and stone statues were used. Chalcolithic cultures existed from Chota Nagpur to the

Introduction Named after Harappa the first site where the unique urban culture was discovered, a civilization existed that is dated between 2600 – 1900 BC.

Introduction Indian history is divided into the following phases: Old Stone Age [Paleolithic] Middle stone age [Mesolithic] New stone age [Neolithic] and Metal age. The dates

Introduction The Indian subcontinent has three main reasons: Himalayas Mountains, the southern peninsula, and Indo – The Gangetic plains. Regional differences and related separate identities

❖ गुलाम वंश ➨ 1=1193 मुहम्मद घोरी ➨ 2=1206 कुतुबुद्दीन ऐबक ➨ 3=1210 आराम शाह ➨ 4=1211 इल्तुतमिश ➨ 5=1236 रुकनुद्दीन फिरोज शाह ➨ 6=1236

1. Establishment of the Indian National Congress Ans-1885 AD 2. Bang-Bhang Movement (Swadeshi Movement) Ans-1905 AD 3. Establishment of the Muslim League Ans-1906 AD 4.