Introduction

Flowers can be Unisexual [male or female reproductive parts] or Bisexual [both reproductive organs]. Male / Female unisexual and bisexual flowers can be on the same plant or on different plants.

Parts of a Flower

Petals – Prominent parts of an open flower.

Sepals – small leaf-like structures enclosing petals

Stamens [male reproductive part] – Inner parts of the flower are made of anthers [pollen grains or male gametes present here] and filaments.

Pistil [female reproductive part] – Inner parts of the flower contains the ovary, style, and stigma. The ovary has ovules [egg or female gametes here].

Process of Reproduction in Plants

The transfer of pollen to stigma is called pollination. It can happen by agents like wind, water, or insects. It can be self-pollination [if pollen falls on the stigma of the same flower] or cross-pollination [if it falls on the stigma of a different flower of the same plant or different plant of the same kind]

The male and female gamete fuse to form a zygote [fertilization], and the zygote becomes an embryo.

After fertilization, the ovary becomes fruit and ovules become seeds. Seeds contain the embryo. Other parts fall off.

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