Q. Which of the following pairs of gases is the major cause of the greenhouse effect?

(a) CO₂ and O₃

(b) CO₂ and CO

(c) CFC and SO₂

(d) CO₂ and N₂O

Correct Answer: (d) CO₂ and N₂O

Q. Sewage treatment is primarily an

(a) physical process

(b) mechanical process

(c) chemical process

(d) biological process

Correct Answer: (d) biological process

Q. Which of the following is primarily produced by the activity of anaerobic bacteria on sewage?

(a) Laughing gas

(b) Propane

(c) Mustard gas

(d) Marsh gas

Correct Answer: (d) Marsh gas

Q. When did the Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act come into effect?

(a) 1981

(b) 1985

(c) 1990

(d) 1975

Correct Answer: (a) 1981

Q. Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) refers to the damage caused by?

(a) Low temperature

(b) High temperature

(c) Encephalitis

(d) Radiation

Correct Answer: (d) Radiation

Q. Escherichia coli is used as an indicator organism to determine whether water is polluted with

(a) pollen of aquatic plants

(b) heavy metals

(c) faecal matter

(d) industrial effluents

Correct Answer: (c) faecal matter

Q. Which of the following is a pollution-related occupational health hazard?

(a) Pneumoconiosis

(b) Asthma

(c) Fluorosis

(d) Silicosis

Correct Answer: (d) Silicosis

Q. Which of the following organisms is used as an indicator of water quality?

(a) Chlorella

(b) Azospirillum

(c) Escherichia

(d) Biggiatoa

Correct Answer: (c) Escherichia

Q. Kyoto Protocol’s second commitment period was adopted in

(a) Cancun

(b) Durban

(c) Bali

(d) Doha

Correct Answer: (d) Doha

Q. What does the greenhouse effect refer to?

(a) cooling of the earth

(b) trapping of UV rays

(c) production of cereals

(d) warming of the earth

Correct Answer: (d) warming of the earth

Q. An atmospheric pollutant is

(a) 0.0034%

(b) 0.034%

(c) 0.34%

(d) 3.4%

Correct Answer: (b) 0.034%

Q. The main pollutant in the air is

(a) CO₂

(b) CO

(c) N₂

(d) Sulphur

Correct Answer: (b) CO

Q. Aerosols are particles in air, less than

(a) 2μ

(b) 4μ

(c) 3μ

(d) 1μ

Correct Answer: (d) 1μ

Q. Noise pollution occurs when noise exceeds

(a) 70-75 dB

(b) 50-60 dB

(c) 80-99 dB

(d) 40-65 dB

Correct Answer: (c) 80-99 dB

Q. Which pollution causes photochemical smog

(a) Soil

(b) Water

(c) Air

(d) Noise

Correct Answer: (c) Air

Q. Up to 80% of the total pollution in metropolitan areas comes from

(a) Pesticide

(b) Radioactivity

(c) Loudspeaker

(d) Automobiles

Correct Answer: (d) Automobiles

Q. Which of the following does not result in pollution?

(a) Thermal power project

(b) Steel power plant

(c) Automobiles

(d) Hydroelectric project

Correct Answer: (d) Hydroelectric project

Q. Which of the following pollutant is the most harmful?

(a) NO2

(b) CO2

(c) SO2

(d) CO

Correct Answer: (c) SO2

Q. Factor contributing to the greenhouse effect

(a) green trees in the house

(b) grasslands

(c) global warming

(d) greenery in the country

Correct Answer: (c) global warming

Q. What does deforestation cause?

(a) soil erosion

(b) loss of biodiversity

(c) disturbance in the hydrological cycle

(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

Q. What is reduced by eutrophication?

(a) dissolved CO2

(b) dissolved O2

(c) dissolved nutrients

(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (b) dissolved O₂

Q. Carbon monoxide (CO) is harmful to humans because?

(a) It forms carbolic acid

(b) It generates excess CO₂

(c) It is carcinogenic

(d) It competes with O₂ for haemoglobin

Correct Answer: (d) It competes with O₂ for haemoglobin

Q. Acid rain is caused by an increase in the concentration of?

(a) SO2 and NO2

(b) CO and CO2

(c) CO and SO3

(d) O3 and dust

Correct Answer: (a) SO2 and NO2

Q. What undesirable changes do pollution cause in the following characteristics of air, water, land or soil?

(a) Physical

(b) Chemical

(c) Biological

(d) All of these

Correct Answer: (d) All of these

Q. Scrubbers are primarily used to remove the following gases from the exhaust after spraying water/ lime

(a) CO2

(b) SO2

(c) O2 & N2

(d) CO & CO2

Correct Answer: (b) SO2

Q. Volcanoes are _ source of pollution

(a) artificial

(b) natural

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) man-made

Correct Answer: (b) natural

Q. Fluorosis is carried by

(a) CO2

(b) Chlorine

(c) Nitrogen

(d) Water

Correct Answer: (d) Water

Q. Cause of gastrointestinal disturbance is

(a) Chromium

(b) Cadmium

(c) Sodium

(d) Selenium

Correct Answer: (d) Selenium

Q. The full form of B.O.D. is

(a) Biological organism death

(b) Biotic oxygen demand

(c) Biochemical oxygen demand

(d) Biological organisation day

Correct Answer: (c) Biochemical oxygen demand

Q. B.O.D. test of biological oxygen demand is used to measure

(a) Air pollution

(b) Water pollution

(c) Noise pollution

(d) Soil pollution

Correct Answer: (b) Water pollution

Q. Oxygen plays a significant role in a BOD test as it

(a) Destroy inorganic matter

(b) Destroy pollution

(c) Destroy waste organic matter

(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (c) Destroy waste organic matter

Q. The environment is heated by

(a) visible light

(b) UV rays

(c) infrared waves

(d) radiowaves

Correct Answer: (c) infrared waves

Q. As a result of global warming, sea levels will

(a) increase

(b) decrease

(c) remain the same

(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (a) increase

Q. The troposphere reflects what percentage of solar radiation into outer space?

(a) 10%

(b) 17%

(c) 34%

(d) 90%

Correct Answer: (c) 34%

Q. Organic substances found in the biosphere necessarily contain

(a) Silica

(b) Carbon

(c) Oxygen

(d) Nitrogen

Correct Answer: (b) Carbon

Q. The region that lies above the troposphere up to 50 km in distance is called

(a) Mesosphere

(b) Stratosphere

(c) Troposphere

(d) Thermosphere

Correct Answer: (b) Stratosphere

Q. If CO2 in the earth’s atmosphere disappears, the earth’s surface would

(a) Increase

(b) Decrease

(c) Depend on oxygen concentration

(d) Remain the same

Correct Answer: (b) Decrease

Q. Which of these has the least greenhouse effect?

(a) Carbon dioxide

(b) Nitrogen gas

(c) Water vapours

(d) Ozone

Correct Answer: (b) Nitrogen gas

Q. Gas produced by paddy fields and involved in global warming is

(a) Chlorine

(b) Methane

(c) CO2

(d) H2S

Correct Answer: (b) Methane

Q. Checking of re-radiating heat by atmospheric dust, O3, CO2 and water vapour is

(a) Ozone layer effect

(b) Solar effect

(c) Radioactive effect

(d) Greenhouse effect

Correct Answer: (d) Greenhouse effect

Q. Ozone is thicker at

(a) equator

(b) poles

(c) mountains

(d) sea

Correct Answer: (b) poles

Q. Among the following, which is not a greenhouse gas?

(a) O2

(b) CO2

(c) N2O

(d) CH4

Correct Answer: (a) O2

Q. The Montreal Protocol was called to examine the emission of

(a) e-wastes

(b) UV radiation

(c) CFCs

(d) All of these

Correct Answer: (c) CFCs

Q. Which of the following is not considered an atmosphere pollutant?

(a) CO2

(b) SO2

(c) Hydrogen

(d) CO

Correct Answer: (a) CO2

Q. The major aerosol pollutant in jet emissions is

(a) Sulphur dioxide

(b) Carbon monoxide

(c) Methane

(d) Fluorocarbon

Correct Answer: (d) Fluorocarbon

Q. The control of gaseous pollutants can be achieved by

(a) Arrestors

(b) Electrostatic precipitators

(c) Pyrolysis

(d) Adsorption

Correct Answer: (d) Adsorption

Q. Which one of the following acts as a secondary pollutant?

(a) Br2

(b) Cl2

(c) NO2

(d) HNO3

Correct Answer: (d) HNO3

Q. Identify the most efficient device to eliminate particulate matter from industrial emissions?

(a) Cyclonic separators

(b) Trajectory separators

(c) Incineration

(d) Electrostatic precipitator

Correct Answer: (d) Electrostatic precipitator

Q. Cleaning Environment with biological options such as microbes and plants are called

(a) Bioremediation

(b) Biotechnology

(c) Biowarfare

(d) Incineration

Correct Answer: (a) Bioremediation

Q. Extensive planting of trees is known as

(a) afforestation

(b) agroforestry

(c) deforestation

(d) social forestry

Correct Answer: (a) afforestation

Q. Appropriate measures to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions are the commitments of the

(a) Montreal Protocol

(b) Environment Act

(c) Kyoto Protocol

(d) Earth Summit

Correct Answer: (c) Kyoto Protocol

Q. In India, jhum cultivation is practised in

(a) North-East states

(b) South–West coast

(c) South-East coast

(d) Gangetic plain

Correct Answer: (a) North-East states

Q. Ozone layer is formed in which zone of the atmosphere

(a) Mesosphere

(b) Stratosphere

(c) Troposphere

(d) Ionosphere

Correct Answer: (b) Stratosphere

Q. What gas in the atmosphere holds up ultraviolet rays?

(a) O2

(b) O3

(c) N2

(d) CH4

Correct Answer: (b) O3

Q. Polluted water is commonly represented by the following organisms:

(a) E. coli

(b) P. typhi

(c) Vibrio

(d) Entamoeba

Correct Answer: (a) E. coli

Q. Eggshell thinning in birds is caused by DDT because it inhibits

(a) calmodulin

(b) calcium ATPase

(c) magnesium ATPase

(d) carbonic anhydrase

Correct Answer: (b) calcium ATPase

Q. DDT is banned nowadays because it is

(a) Very costly

(b) Note available

(c) Inflammable

(d) Not degraded easily

Correct Answer: (d) Not degraded easily

Q. Which pollutant is non-degradable?

(a) Smoke

(b) Polythene

(c) Copper scraps

(d) Iron scraps

Correct Answer: (b) Polythene

Q. Fluoride pollution causes chlorosis or necrosis of

(a) Leaf margin and tip

(b) Stem

(c) All membrane systems

(d) Nucleus

Correct Answer: (a) Leaf margin and tip

Q. Radioactive pollutants have the following adverse effects:

(a) Gene mutation

(b) Hepatitis

(c) Polio

(d) T.B.

Correct Answer: (a) Gene mutation

Q. Non-biodegradable waste includes:

(a) DDT

(b) leather

(c) wool

(d) cotton

Correct Answer: (a) DDT

Q. The amount of fresh water on earth frozen as polar or glacial ice is

(a) 0.5 %

(b) 0.02 %

(c) 0.01%

(d) 1.97 %

Correct Answer: (d) 1.97 %

Q. DDT is a

(a) Non-biodegradable pollutant

(b) Biodegradable pollutant

(c) Antibiotics

(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Non-biodegradable pollutant

Q. Spraying DDT on crops causes pollution of

(a) Air only

(b) Air and soil only

(c) Air, soil and water

(d) Air and water only

Correct Answer: (c) Air, soil and water

Q. Excessive fertilizer discharge into water bodies results in

(a) Growth of fish

(b) Death of hydrophytes

(c) Eutrophication

(d) Silt

Correct Answer: (c) Eutrophication

Q. When a huge amount of sewage is dumped into a river, the BOD will

(a) Increase

(b) Remain unchanged

(c) Slightly decrease

(d) Decrease

Correct Answer: (a) Increase

Q. Which of the following is most likely to have the highest level of D.D.T. depositions in its body?

(a) Eel

(b) Crab

(c) Seagull

(d) Phytoplankton

Correct Answer: (c) Seagull

Q. The presence of frequent water blooms in a lake indicates

(a) Nutrient deficiency

(b) Oxygen deficiency

(c) Excessive nutrient availability

(d) Absence of herbivores in the lake

Correct Answer: (b) Oxygen deficiency

Q. By how much has the mean global temperature increased in the 20th century

(a) 0.2%

(b) 0.4%

(c) 0.6%

(d) 0.8%

Correct Answer: (c) 0.6%

Q. Deforestation results in

(a) Increased sunlight

(b) Increased grazing area

(c) Weed control

(d) Soil erosion

Correct Answer: (d) Soil erosion

Q. By removing the forest cover, which constituent of the atmosphere is likely to change?

(a) O2 level is increased

(b) CO2 level is increased

(c) O2 level significantly increases

(d) CO2 level is significantly decreased

Correct Answer: (b) CO2 level is increased

Q. Which of the following is not used to disinfect drinking water?

(a) Chlorine

(b) Ozone

(c) Chloramine

(d) Phenyl

Correct Answer: (d) Phenyl

Q. What is the BOD limit prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board for the discharge of industrial and municipal wastewater into natural surface water?

(a) < 10 ppm

(b) < 100 ppm

(c) < 30 ppm

(d) < 3.0 ppm

Correct Answer: (a) < 10 ppm

Q. Pollution from photochemical smog does not contain

(a) Nitrogen dioxide

(b) Carbon dioxide

(c) PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate)

(d) Ozone

Correct Answer: (b) Carbon dioxide

Q. The Montreal protocol, which calls for action to protect the ozone layer from human activities, was adopted in

(a) 1987

(b) 1988

(c) 1985

(d) 1986

Correct Answer: (a) 1987

Q. Electrostatic precipitators are installed in coal-fired power plants to control emissions of?

(a) NO×

(b) SPM

(c) CO

(d) SO2

Correct Answer: (b) SPM

Q. Bioindicators of water pollution cannot include which of the following?

(a) Blood-worms

(b) Stoneflies

(c) Sewage fungus

(d) Sludge-worms.

Correct Answer: (b) Stoneflies

Q. A global agreement on specific control strategies to reduce ozone-depleting substances has been adopted by?

(a) The Montreal Protocol

(b) The Kyoto Protocol

(c) The Vienna Convention

(d) Rio de Janeiro Conference

Correct Answer: (a) The Montreal Protocol

Q. Greenhouse gas concentrations are very high today because of?

(a) Use of refrigerator

(b) Increased combustion of oils and coal

(b) Deforestation

(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

Q. What plant species would you choose for the production of bioethanol?

(a) Zea mays

(b) Pongamia

(c) Jatropha

(d) Brassica

Correct Answer: (c) Jatropha

Q. As a biofuel substitute for fossil fuels, which of the following is being tried in India?

(a) Jatropha

(b) Azadirachta

(c) Musa

(d) Aegilops

Correct Answer: (a) Jatropha

Q. Where was the World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002) held?

(a) Brazil

(b) Sweden

(c) Argentina

(d) South Africa

Correct Answer: (d) South Africa

Q. Which of the following is a renewable exhaustible natural resource?

(a) coal

(b) petroleum

(c) minerals

(d) forest

Correct Answer: (d) forest

Q. dB is a standard abbreviation used for the quantitative expression of?

(a) the density of bacteria in a medium

(b) a particular pollutant

(c) the dominant Bacillus in a culture

(d) a certain pesticide

Correct Answer: (b) a particular pollutant

Q. What are the two gases contributing most to greenhouse gases?

(a) CO2 and CH4

(b) CH4 and N2O

(c) CFC and N2O

(d) CO2 and N2O

Correct Answer: (a) CO2 and CH4

Q. Where is “good ozone” found?

(a) mesosphere

(b) troposphere

(c) stratosphere

(d) ionosphere

Correct Answer: (c) stratosphere

Q. DDT residues are rapidly absorbed by the food chain and cause biomagnification because it is

(a) moderately toxic

(b) non-toxic to aquatic animals

(c) water-soluble

(d) lipo soluble

Correct Answer: (d) lipo soluble

Q. Chipko movement was launched to protect?

(a) forests

(b) livestock

(c) wetlands

(d) grasslands

Correct Answer: (a) forests