On average, people can hear sounds in the frequencies between 20 to 20,000 Hertz.

anvil – (also called the incus) a tiny bone that passes vibrations from the hammer to the stirrup.
cochlea – a spiral-shaped, fluid-filled inner ear structure; it is lined with cilia (tiny hairs) that move when vibrated and cause a nerve impulse to form.
eardrum – (also called the tympanic membrane) a thin membrane that vibrates when sound waves reach it.
Eustachian tube – a tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose; it equalizes the pressure between the middle ear and the air outside. When you “pop” your ears as you change altitude (going up a mountain or in an airplane), you are equalizing the air pressure in your middle ear.
hammer – (also called the malleus) a tiny bone that passes vibrations from the eardrum to the anvil.

nerves – these carry electro-chemical signals from the inner ear (the cochlea) to the brain.
outer ear canal – the tube through which sound travels to the eardrum.
pinna – (also called the auricle) the visible part of the outer ear. It collects sound and directs it into the outer ear canal
semicircular canals – three loops of fluid-filled tubes that are attached to the cochlea in the inner ear. They help us maintain our sense of balance.
stirrup – (also called the stapes) a tiny, U-shaped bone that passes vibrations from the stirrup to the cochlea. This is the smallest bone in the human body (it is 0.25 to 0.33 cm long).

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