1551. The constituent assembly adopted National Flag on 22nd July 1947 

1552. 395 articles are there in the constitution when it was originally passed 

1553. M.N. Munshi called preamble as the po­litical horoscope 

1554. The preamble describes the objectives of the constitution 

1555. The preamble of the constitution was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru 

1556. The chairman of the Union Power committee of the constituent assembly of India: 

Jawaharlal Nehru

1557. The first meeting of the Indian con­stitution Assembly was presided over by: 

Satchidananda Sinha

1558. The first session of the constituent assembly was held at:

Delhi 

1559. The daily which published the ur­gency for a constituent assembly:

The Indian Patriot 

1560. By whom the preamble of the consti­tution proposed before the drafting committee:

Jawaharlal Nehru 

1561. M.N. Palkivala termed preamble as the identity card of the constitution

1562. The first speaker of the Indian Parliament was G.V. Mavalankar

1563. ‘People’s Plan’ was related to M.N. Roy 

1564. The Indian Constituent Assembly consisted of representatives of the States and Provinces in India 

1565. The last British Governor-General who addressed the Constituent Assembly

– Lord Mount Batten

1566. The twelfth session of the Constituent Assem­bly was held on 24th Jan. 1950

1567. The draft Constitution was submitted to the President of the Constituent Assembly on 21st Feb. 1948 

1568. The second reading of the Constitution was completed in the Constituent Assembly on 

16 November 1949

1569. The election to the Constituent Assembly was held in 1946

1570. In the Constituent Assembly, the Head of the Union Constitution Committee was Jawaharlal Nehru 

1571. The Act introduced federal features of the Indian government: 

Government of India Act, 1935 

1572. Who is regarded as the architect of the Indian constitution?

Dr B.R. Ambedkar 

1573. The first draft of the Constitution of India was proposed on: 

October 1947

1574. The first draft Constitution of India was prepared by:

Advisory Branch of the Constituent Assembly

1575. The name of India’s First Legislature was: 

Constituent Assembly

1576. Constituent Assembly of India worked during:

1947-1949 

1577. In which case the supreme court held that preamble is not a part of the constitution?

Berubari case 

1578. The case in which the supreme court held that preamble is a part of the constitution?

Kesavanada Bharathi case 

1579. In the Constituent Assembly, the name of Dr Rajendra Prasad as President of India 

was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Patel 

1580. The Constituent Assembly adopt National Anthem on 24th January 1950 

1581. The woman who presented National Flag in the Constituent Assembly: 

Hansa Mehta 

1582. G.V. Mavalankar was the first Speaker of free India’s first Legislature (Constituent Assembly) 

1583. India become the fully Sovereign Democratic Republic on 26th January 1949 

1584. G.V. Mavalankar known as the father of the Lok Sabha 

1585. The preamble of the constitution is an idea taken from US constitution 

1586. The principles of liberty, equality and fra­ternity in the constitution is taken from the French revolution 

1587. The word socialist which is included in the preamble aims to remove inequality in economic and political status. 

1588. The date mentioned in the Preamble of the Indian constitution: 

26 November 1949 

1589. Before the Forty-second Amendment, the Preamble declared India to be the Sovereign Democratic Republic 

1590. The amendment which added the words ‘Socialist and Secular’ in the preamble: 

42nd 

1591. By the word, secularism means India has no official religion and all religions are equal 

1592. The idea to include the word socialist was prompted by Indira Gandhi 

1593. Earnest Barker told that preamble is the keynote to the constitution 

1594. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is based upon an objective resolution 

1595. The word we in the preamble stands for the people of India 

1596. 42nd amendment is known as mini con­stitution of India 

1597. The proposal to include the word fraternity was put forward by B.R. Ambedkar 

1598. The preamble of the constitution was amended in 1976 (42nd amendment) 

1599. The language of preamble to the Indian constitution is taken from Australian con­stitution 

1600. The ideals of justice-social, economic & political -mentioned in the preamble has been taken from the Russian revolution 

1601. Part III of the constitution deals with fun­damental rights 

1602. India borrowed the concept of fundamental rights from the USA 

1603. Article 12 to 35 of the constitution deals with fundamental rights 

1604. The power to impose reasonable restric­tions on fundamental rights are vested with The President 

1605. Article 14-18 of the constitution deals with the right to equality 

1606. Article 15 says that there is ‘No Discrimina­tion on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex, Place of Birth or any of them’ 

1607. Article 16 guarantees- the right to equality of opportunity in public employment 

1608. As per fundamental rights, the government can make special provisions for women and children against exploitation 

1609. Abolition of untouchability is dealt with under Article 17 

1610. Article 18 of the constitution describes the abolition of titles 

1611. Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the law
1612. Judiciary is known as a guardian of fundamental rights 

1613. The objective behind fundamental rights under the constitution is to ensure individual liberty 

1614. The fundamental right which was later omitted from the constitution is the right to property

1615. The fundamental rights can be partly suspended during the proclamation of a national emergency 

1616. Article 31 (right to property) was omitted from fundamental rights by the 25th amend­ment of the constitution 

1617. The right that cannot be suspended during the proclamation of national emergency is the right to life 

1618. Article 352 says right to life cannot be sus­pended during an emergency is in operation 

1619. The 86th amendment made the right to edu­cation a fundamental right 

1620. Right to equality includes five types of rights 

1621. The six types of fundamental freedoms guaranteed by the constitution: 

(a) To freedom of speech and expression,

(b) To assemble peaceably and without arms

(c) To form associations or unions 

(d) To move freely throughout the territory of India

(e) To reside and settle in any part of the territory of India

(g) To practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business. 

1622. If there is any violation of fundamental rights the remedy can be available through the judiciary 

1623. Article 29 and 30 of the constitution deals with cultural and educational rights 

1624. As per the right to freedom of religion every person has a right to profess, practise or propagate any religion of his choice 

1625. Right to constitutional remedy is known as the heart and soul of the Indian constitution 

1626. Dr B. R. Ambedkar termed constitutional remedies as the heart and soul of the constitution 

1627. The objective behind imposing reasona­ble restrictions on the right to freedom of speech and expression is sovereignty and integrity of the country 

1628. The Parliament can amend or modify fundamental rights with a special majority 

1629. Magna Carta of the liberties of Indian people fundamental rights 

1630. Article 21 A guarantees Right to education 

1631. As per the constitutional law of India Article 20 and 21 is available to both Indians and foreigners 

1632. The head of the constituent assembly to finalise the part of fundamental rights was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel 

1633. As per article 13, the constitution is the su­preme law of the land

1634. Fundamental rights are considered to be one of the basic features of the Indian constitution 

1635. The right to education is both a fundamental right and a human right 

1636. Right to property was excluded from the fundamental rights during the period of Morarji Desai 

1637. Right to education gives free and compul­sory education to the children under the age group of 6 to 14 years. 

1638. The right to freedom of religion is mentioned under Article 25 to 28 

1639. The right to freedom under the fundamental rights is not absolute 

1640. Indian constitution has borrowed the idea of suspension of fundamental rights during an emergency from Germany 

1641. The controversy on using Bharat Ratna and Padma Shri as titles is related to Article 18 

1642. Article 32 gives the right to an individual to approach the supreme court directly in case of any violation of fundamental rights 

1643. Parliament is competent to amend funda­mental rights 

1644. The right to protest can be considered as a fundamental right 

1645. The right to equal pay for equal work can be read under Article 14 

1646. The court can issue writs for the protection of fundamental rights
1647. 5 types of writs are described under the constitution 

1648. The literary meaning of Habeas corpus is you may have the body 

1649. The writ that may be issued to produce a person who is in illegal detention is Habeas corpus 

1650. Fundamental rights can be enforced through a court of law 

1651. The writ which is said to be the guarantor of personal freedom is Habeas corpus 

1652. The writ which has the literal meaning ‘to be certified’ is a writ of certiorari 

1653. A writ issued by the superior court, directing an inferior court, tribunal or other public authority to send the record of a proceeding for review: Certiorari 

1654. The literal meaning of Quo- warranto is by what warrants or what is your authority 

1655. A writ that can be issued by a supreme court or high court with a view to restraining a person from holding a public office where he has no authority to hold it:

Writ of Quo­ warranto

1656. The writ which has the meaning “we com­mand”: 

Mandamus

1657. The right to issue a writ of mandamus is vested with the supreme court or high court

1658. The writ that can be issued by the supreme court or high court to the lower court or tribunal or public authority to do a statu­tory duty or public duty: 

Mandamus 

1659. The writ which is popularly known as ‘stay order’ : 

Writ of prohibition 

1660. The writ which is issued by a higher court to lower court when the lower court is exceeding its jurisdiction or there is no jurisdiction: 

Writ of prohibition 

1661. At present the number of fundamental rights included in the constitution: 

6 

1662. At the time of commencement of the constitution, the number of fundamental rights was 

7 

1663. By which amendment right to property excluded from the fundamental right: 

25th amendment of 1971 

1664. The amendment which changed the right to property as a legal right: 

44th amendment of 1978 

1665. Dr B.R. Ambedkar is known as: 

The father of fundamental rights 

1666. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is known as: 

The Chief Architect of Fundamental rights. 

1667. Which Indian artist decorated the handwritten copy of the Constitution?

Nandalal Bose 

1668. Which Article of the Indian Constitution states that the ‘State shall endeavour to protect & improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country?

Article 48 A 

1669. Which is the last formed High Court of India? 

High Court of Tripura

1670. Which Article of the Constitu­tion includes the Fundamental Duties? 

Article 51A

1671. Which part of the Constitu­tion is known as the ‘Corner­stone of the Constitution’?

Part III (Fundamental Rights)

1672. In Lok Sabha elections, a can­didate cannot compete for more than constituencies at a

time. 

Two 

1673. Who decides whether a bill is Money Bill or not?

Lok Sabha Speaker 

1674. Which Constitutional Amend­ment of 1988 reduced the voting age from 21 years to 18?

Sixty-first Amendment 

1675. Who was the first President of India to be elected unop­posed?

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 

1676. Which part of the Constitu­tion is described as ‘a cheque payable of its fund permits’? 

Directive Principles

1677. What is often called the ‘Identity Card’ of the Constitu­tion? 

Preamble 

1678. Which was the 25th state of India? 

Goa

1679. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act came to effect on? 

1st April 2010 

1680. Which commission recom­mended the 10+2+3 pattern education system in India?

Kothari Commission 

1681. Which Indian Prime Minister abolished Privy Purse?

Indira Gandhi 

1682. Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana Scheme was launched on the birth anniversary of?

Jayaprakash Narayan 

1683. Rashtriya Ekta Divas is ob­served on the birth anniversary of?

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel 

1684. Who was the first Acting President of India? 

V.V. Giri

1685. Who was the first person to re­sign from the central cabinet?
1686. Shanmugham Chetti

1686. Which Ministry conducts the decennial census in India?

Ministry of Home Affairs 

1687. Who was the Congress President when India attained independence?

J.B. Kripalani 

1688. Who presented the first budget in Indian history in 1860? 

Sir James Wilson

1689. Which organisation’s motto is ‘Not me, But you?

National Service Scheme 

1690. Which day is observed as Anti-Dowry Day?

November-26 

1691. Lok Ayukta and Upa Lok Ayukta can resign by submitting their resignation to

the Governor

1692. Salaries and allowances of Lok Ayukta and Upa Lok Ayukta are – Charged from the Consolidated Fund of the State

1693. The salary of Lok Ayukta is equal to that of the

Chief Justice of High Court

1694. The salary of Upa Lok Ayukta is equal to that of the

Judge of High Court

1695. Power to remove Lok Ayukta or Upa Lok Ayukta is vested with the

Legislative Assembly.

1696. A person to be appointed as Lok Ayukta should have held the post of

– A Judge of Supreme Court or Chief Justice of High Court

1697. A person, to be appointed as Upa Lok Ayukta, should have held or held the post of

– A Judge of High Court

1698. Governor appoints the Lok Ayukta as advised by

– Chief Minister

1699. Prior to the appointment of Lok Ayukta, the Governor has to consult the Chief Minister, Speaker and Opposition Leader of the Legislative Assembly.

1700. Lok Ayukta and Upa Lok Ayukta are appointed for a term of

Five years

1701. Types of Writs

Types of Writs
Writ	Meaning	Intended Purpose
Habeas Corpus	You may have the body	It is an order issued by the court, to a person who has detained another person, to produce the latter before the court.
Mandamus	We command	To secure the performance of public duties by a lower court, tribunal or pub- lie authority. The writ of mandamus cannot be issued against a private individual.
Certiorari	Tobe certified	To quash the order already passed by an inferior court, tribunal as quasi Judicial authority.
Prohibition	The act of stopping something	To prohibit an inferior court from continuing the proceedings in a particular the case where it has no jurisdiction to try
Quo-warranto	What is your authority	To restrain a person from holding a pub- lie office to which he is not entitled.

1702. 170 The Article of the Indian Constitution deals with Public Interest Litigation 

– 226 

1703. The Article of the Indian Constitution deals with the Finance Commission. 

–  Article 280

1704. The Article of the India constitution which provides special status to Jammu and Kashmir 

– Article 370 

1705. Important Amendments

Important Amendments
1st Amendment	1951	Ninth schedule was added in this amendment. This amendment aimed to impose restrictions on the right to freedom of expression
7th Amendment	1956	Re-organisation of states on the basis of Language
10th Amendment	1961	Dadra and Nagar Haveli was included in Indian Union as Union Territory
12th Amendment	1962	Goa, Daman and Diu were included in Indian Union as Union Terri tori es
15th Amendment	1963	Increased the retirement age of the High Court Judges from 60 to 62
29th Amendment	1972	The Ninth Schedule was amended to include the acts of Kerala regarding land reforms
31st Amendment	1973	Increased the elective strength of Lok Sabha from 525 to 545
42nd Amendment	1976	This amendment Act is known as ‘Mini Constitution’ Added a list of Ten Fundamental duties adding a new Part IV A Three new words – SOCIALIST, SECULAR and INTEGRITY were added in the preamble to the constitution.
44th Amendment	1978	Right to property was deleted from the list of fundamental rights and made it only a legal right
52nd Amendment	1985	Anti defection act was incorporated in the 10th schedule of the constitution
61st Amendment	1989	Voting age reduced from 21 years to 18 years
65th Amendment	1990	Provided for the establishment of National Commission for SC and STs
69th Amendment	1991	The Union Territory of Delhi was designated as the National Capital Territory of lndia and may be provided with a legislative Assembly and a council of Ministers.
71st Amendment	1992	Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages were added in the Eighth Schedule
73rd Amendment	1993	The Constitution of Panchayati Raj receives constitutional guarantee, status and legitimacy. It also added the 11th  Schedule to the Constitution.
74th Amendment	1993	A new part IX A relating to Nagara Palika Act. It also added the 12th Schedule to the Constitution.
84th Amendment	2000	Formation of new three states Chattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand.
86th Amendment	2002	Made elementary Education a fundamental right. The newly added article 21A declares that “the state shall provide free and compul- sory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years”.
89th Amendment	2003	Bifurcated the erstwhile combined National Commission for SC and ST into two separate bodies namely, National Commission for Scheduled Castes and National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
91th Amendment	2003	The numbers of Council of Ministers is limited by this Amendment Act. The numbers shall not exceed fifteen percent
92nd Amendment	2003	Bodo, Dougri, Maithili and Santali languages were added in the Eighth Schedule
93rd Amendment	2006	Relates to reservation of SC and ST and other socially and economically backward classes in higher and professional education
95th Amendment	2009	Extended the reservation of seats for SC and ST in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies Up to 2020
96th Amendment	2011	The Name of Orissa was changed to Odisha as per 1st  Schedule
97th Amendment	2012	Co-operative Societies Act, 2012
99th Amendment	2014	The Appointment of National Judicial Appointment Commission.
100th Amendment	2015	Exchange of certain enclave territories with Bangladesh consequent to the signing of Land bound Agreement treaty between India and Bangladesh
101st Amendment	2017	Goods and Service Tax. This amendment introduced three new Articles in the Constitution: 246A, 269A and 279A.