Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
National
1. The Tiranga Cycling Rally, part of the Fit India Sundays on Cycle initiative, took place on 1st June 2025. This event marked the 25th edition of the initiative, celebrating fitness and honouring India’s armed forces. Over 15,000 cyclists participated, showcasing a blend of national pride and commitment to health.
2. Goa has recently been declared fully literate under the ULLAS Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram. Goa is now the second state in India to surpass the 95% literacy benchmark. This milestone aligns with India’s goal of achieving full literacy by 2030, as outlined in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
3. The Ghatampur Thermal Power Project, inaugurated by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, signifies a very important advancement in India’s energy landscape. Located in Kanpur Nagar district, Uttar Pradesh, this project aims to address the growing electricity demands of the region and neighbouring states.
4. Recent research has brought into light the critical threshold for PM2.5 air pollutants in Kolkata. The study reveals that once PM2.5 concentration surpasses 70 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3), its potential to cause cellular damage increases. This finding is crucial as it indicates a need for new air quality standards that consider toxicity levels, not just concentration.
5. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) recently released data on India’s economy. This data includes estimates for the fourth quarter of the financial year 2024-25 and provisional estimates for the entire year.
6. The Jharkhand government is set to establish its first tiger safari in the Barwadih Western Forest Range. This area is part of the Palamau Tiger Reserve. The initiative aims to enhance tourism and provide a conservation education centre. However, concerns about local community displacement have emerged.
7. Assam faced severe flooding, impacting over four lakh individuals across more than 20 districts. The state has a long history of monsoon floods, with devastating consequences for communities. This year, at least 10 lives were lost due to the floods, denoting the ongoing crisis. About the reasons behind these recurrent disasters is vital for effective management and mitigation.
8. Recent studies have brought into light the preparedness of public health centres in India to manage diabetes and hypertension. The Indian Council of Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (ICMR-NCDIR) conducted a comprehensive survey across 19 districts in seven states. This survey assessed both public and private health facilities to determine their readiness for managing these chronic conditions.
9. India faces a growing cancer epidemic, with air pollution emerging as factor. Recent studies show an alarming increase in lung cancer cases, especially among non-smokers. The Indian Council of Medical Research predicts that cancer cases will rise from 1.46 million in 2022 to 1.57 million in 2025. This trend raises concerns about the health impacts of air quality in the country.
10. Recent archaeological excavations at Raigad Fort have revealed an ancient astrolabe, known as ‘yantraraj’. This discovery was made by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in collaboration with the Raigad Development Authority. The excavations spanned several years and covered multiple sites within the fort, revealing structures dating back to the era of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
11. The Election Commission of India (ECI) is implementing changes to improve the speed of voter turnout reporting. This initiative aims to address concerns raised by opposition parties regarding delays in releasing turnout figures during elections. The new mobile application, ECINET, will streamline the reporting process ahead of the upcoming Assembly elections in Bihar.
12. Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) are emerging as important component in India’s renewable energy landscape. With an installed capacity of over 17 GW in rooftop solar systems, urban areas are facing challenges due to limited rooftop spaces. BIPV offers a solution by integrating solar technology directly into building materials. This approach not only generates electricity but also serves as a structural element of the building.
13. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) of India has launched the eighth edition of “EnviStats India 2025 – Environment Statistics”. This publication was revealed during a national workshop on 5th June 2025 in New Delhi. It serves as important resource for understanding India’s environmental landscape.
14. In conservation effort, the Tamil Nadu government has established a Greater Flamingo Sanctuary at Dhanushkodi, coinciding with World Environment Day. This sanctuary aims to protect migratory bird habitats and enhance biodiversity in the region. Spanning 524.7 hectares, it is important part of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve.
15. Recent assessments have revealed critical vital information about the status of ungulates in India. This evaluation marks the first detailed analysis of these hoofed mammals, which include deer, pigs, antelopes, and bison. The findings indicate a worrying decline in ungulate populations across several states.
16. The Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) launched in 2018 aims to provide affordable healthcare to low-income families in India. Despite its noble intentions, the scheme is currently facing challenges in Jharkhand. With over 23 lakh beneficiaries and 750 hospitals registered, issues surrounding delayed payments threaten its effectiveness.
17. The Bharatiya Bhasha Anubhag, launched in June 2025, marks shift in India’s language policy. This initiative aims to reduce the influence of foreign languages, particularly English, in official communications. The goal is to promote and strengthen India’s linguistic diversity, ensuring that local languages play a central role in governance and administration.
18. An ancient Shiva temple from the later Pandya period was discovered in Udampatti, Tamil Nadu. This finding showcases the rich history of the Pandya dynasty. The temple’s foundation was uncovered by local boys playing in the area. The discovery has drawn attention from historians and archaeologists alike.
19. In a recent initiative, Himachal Pradesh’s Chief Minister Thakur Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu launched the ‘Rajiv Gandhi Van Samvardhan Yojana’ in Hamirpur. This scheme aims to enhance environmental conservation through community participation in forest management. The government seeks to increase green cover by planting fruit-bearing trees in barren and degraded forest areas.
20. Recent archaeological research led by the Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar (IITGN) has revealed evidence of human habitation in the Great Rann of Kutch dating back at least 5,000 years before the Harappan civilisation. This groundbreaking study involved collaboration with experts from various institutions and focused on the analysis of ancient shell remains discovered in the region.
21. Kerala has approached the Union government with a proposal to amend the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. The aim is to allow the state to cull wild animals that threaten human life and property. The urgency arises from rise in human-wildlife conflicts in the region.
22. In 1898, a remarkable archaeological discovery was made at Piprahwa, the ancient site of Kapilavastu in Uttar Pradesh. Five caskets, including a crystal casket believed to be over 2,300 years old, were unearthed during excavations. These caskets contained sacred relics associated with Lord Buddha. Recently, the Ministry of Culture announced plans to exhibit these relics for the first time, aiming to enhance public engagement with India’s rich Buddhist heritage.
23. India has achieved progress in reducing extreme poverty over the past decade. According to the World Bank, the extreme poverty rate fell from 27.1% in 2011-12 to just 5.3% in 2022-23. This represents a remarkable shift in the lives of millions of people.
24. Zyeth Atham, also known as Jyeshtha Ashtami, is celebration for the Kashmiri Pandit community. Observed on the eighth day of Shukla Paksha in the month of Jyeshtha, it typically falls in early June. This festival centres around the veneration of Goddess Kheer Bhawani, revered as a family deity. The main rituals occur at the Kheer Bhawani temple in Tulmulla, Jammu and Kashmir.
25. The Union Environment Ministry’s Expert Appraisal Committee has recommended environmental clearance for Lloyds Metals and Energy Ltd. This approval allows the company to more than double its iron ore output at the Surjagarh mine in Maharashtra. The output will increase from 10 million tonnes per annum to 26 million tonnes per annum.
26. The Supreme Court of India ruled that Zudpi jungle lands in Maharashtra’s Vidarbha region must be classified as forest lands. This decision followed decades of legal disputes regarding the status of approximately 86,000 hectares of these unique shrub forests.
27. Air pollution remains health crisis in Indian cities, accounting for 7.2% of annual deaths. Researchers have established that airborne particulate matter can reduce life expectancy by up to five years. To address this, a team from IIT Kharagpur developed the Dynamic Route Planning for Urban Green Mobility (DRUM) web app, which aids users in selecting routes based on air quality and energy efficiency.
28. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is adopting a new strategy to tackle landslide disasters. This approach focuses on three key components – mapping, monitoring, and mitigation, referred to as the 3Ms. This initiative emerges in response to changing rainfall patterns and increasing instances of floods and landslides.
29. The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is considering the launch of a public infrastructure investment trust (InvIT). This initiative aims to enhance public funding for its asset monetisation pipeline. The proposal follows the successful launch of a private InvIT that has already monetised over 2,300 km of highways.
30. The gig economy is rapidly evolving in India. Recent studies predict that by 2047, the gig and platform workforce will reach 62 million. This will represent about 15% of the total non-agricultural workforce. Technological advancements and changing labour preferences are key drivers of this growth.
31. The Himalayas are often perceived as a serene paradise. However, recent explorations reveal a stark contrast. The 2013 Kedarnath disaster brought into light the vulnerability of this region. Torrential rains and landslides claimed thousands of lives, exposing systemic failures in development.
32. The Assam cabinet approved scheme aimed at enhancing the security of indigenous citizens in vulnerable areas. This decision comes amidst rising concerns regarding safety for these communities, particularly in districts bordering Bangladesh. The initiative allows original inhabitants to obtain arms licences, providing them with means to protect themselves from potential threats.
33. The Indian Railway Ministry has permanently closed the Mathura-Vrindavan railway line conversion project. This ambitious undertaking aimed to convert the metre gauge line to broad gauge at an estimated cost of Rs. 402 crore. The decision was made due to the project being deemed “uneconomical” and facing opposition from local residents.
34. The Smart Cities Mission (SCM) was launched in 2015 to revolutionise urban development in India. The initiative aimed to encourage innovation and improve infrastructure in selected cities. By March 2025, the SCM had achieved remarkable progress, with over 93% of its 8,000 projects completed and nearly 99.44% of its Rs. 48,000 crore budget disbursed.
35. The emergence of the XFG variant of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns in India. As of June 2025, 163 cases have been reported, primarily in Maharashtra. The total number of active COVID-19 cases in India stands at 6,815, with three deaths recorded in the last 24 hours. The Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium has confirmed the presence of this new variant.
36. Assam’s Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma announced plans to utilise the Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act of 1950. This law allows for the direct expulsion of illegal migrants without court involvement. The initiative aims to address ongoing concerns about illegal immigration in Assam, particularly from Bangladesh.
37. On 11th June 2025, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) in India approved two railway projects. These projects aim to enhance rail connectivity and operational efficiency across multiple states. The total estimated cost for these initiatives is Rs. 6,405 crore.
38. India’s retail inflation rate fell below 3% for the first time in over six years. This decline is primarily attributed to falling food prices, despite an increase in some vegetable costs. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) data indicated a multi-year low of 3.16% in April 2025, with forecasts suggesting a further drop to 2.7% in May.
39. Delhi is currently experiencing a severe heatwave. Temperatures have exceeded 45 degrees Celsius. The ‘real feel’ temperature has reached an alarming 51.9 degrees Celsius. This situation has prompted the India Meteorological Department (IMD) to issue a red alert. Residents face health risks due to extreme heat.
40. The Eurasian otter, once thought extinct in Kashmir for nearly three decades, has been spotted again in the Lidder River. This semi-aquatic mammal, known locally as Vuder, is classified as ‘near threatened’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
41. The Andhra Pradesh government imposed a ban on the entry of Totapuri mangoes from Karnataka into Chittoor district. This decision has led to tensions between the two states, impacting farmers and traders. The Totapuri mango, known for its unique shape and flavour, is crucial for local economies in both Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
42. The Commission of Railway Safety (CRS) has recently approved the opening of the railway line from Hortoki to Sairang in Mizoram. This marks milestone as it connects the state capital Aizawl to the Indian Railways network for the first time. The Hortoki-Sairang line is the final segment of the larger Bairabi-Sairang rail project, spanning 51.38 kilometres.
43. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is set to implement a new Unified Payment Interface (UPI) address mechanism by 1st October 2025. This initiative aims to protect investors from unregistered entities in the stock market. The new system will allow investors to easily identify legitimate SEBI-registered intermediaries before making payments.
44. On 12th June 2025, Air India flight AI171, a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner, crashed shortly after takeoff from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad. The flight was headed to London Gatwick Airport with 242 people on board. The cause of the crash is currently under investigation.
45. India’s position in the Global Gender Gap Report 2025 has deteriorated, ranking 131 out of 148 countries. This marks a decline from 129 in 2024. The report, released on 12th June 2025, marks India’s gender parity score of 64.1%. This score places India among the lowest in South Asia.
46. The KUSUM-C scheme, recently inaugurated by Chief Minister Siddaramaiah, aims to transform the agricultural power supply in Karnataka. This initiative focuses on providing reliable daytime electricity to farmers, enhancing their productivity and reducing energy wastage. It is part of a broader effort to increase the state’s electricity generation capacity by 2030.
47. The Mukhya Mantrir Jiban Anuprerana Scheme was launched by Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma in 2025. This initiative aims to provide financial support to research scholars in Assam, particularly focusing on those with disabilities. The scheme is notable for being the first of its kind in the state, designed to boost research and development.
48. Karnataka has emerged as a frontrunner in wind energy production in India. In the financial year 2024-25, the state added an impressive 1,331.48 MW of wind power capacity. This achievement was recognised during the Global Wind Day 2025 celebrations in Bengaluru.
49. The Indian Rat Snake, scientifically known as Ptyas mucosa, is gaining recognition in Kerala. The State Board for Wildlife is set to consider a proposal to designate this snake as the official reptile of the state. Known regionally as Chera, Manja Chera, and Karinchera, this species plays important role in the ecosystem.
50. The Delhi High Court established new guidelines to improve the handling of Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) cases involving survivors of sexual assault. This decision followed a disturbing incident where a minor rape survivor faced delays in receiving essential medical care due to administrative errors and miscommunication.
51. Tamil Nadu’s government plays a very important role in funding various Central schemes. Recent revelations show that Tamil Nadu contributes more than the Union government for the implementation of several welfare initiatives. This includes key schemes under the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) and other developmental programmes.
52. A cholera outbreak in Jajpur, Odisha, has raised health concerns. The outbreak has led to five confirmed deaths and around 500 hospitalisations. A 14-member central team, including experts from various health organisations, is deployed to manage the situation. The outbreak primarily affects four blocks and one urban local body in Jajpur, with cases also reported in neighbouring districts.
53. India’s aviation industry has recently garnered attention for its impressive safety ratings. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) conducted an audit in November 2022. The results showcased India’s advancements in aviation safety. India surpassed the global average in key categories such as operations and airworthiness.
54. Punjab, a vital agricultural state in India, faces a persistent challenge with paddy cultivation. Despite government efforts to diversify crops, paddy remains dominant. In the kharif season, over 92% of the cultivated area is dedicated to paddy. This trend raises concerns about sustainability and environmental impact.
55. In the wake of the tragic Air India Boeing 787 Dreamliner crash in Ahmedabad, authorities have turned to DNA analysis to identify the victims. This process is crucial in mass fatality events where traditional identification methods may fail. The use of DNA is considered the gold standard for such identification.
56. The Jal Ganga Sanvardhan Abhiyan is water conservation initiative launched by the Madhya Pradesh government. It aims to rejuvenate rivers, water sources, and wetlands across the state. The campaign commenced on 30th March 2025, and has already shown promising results, particularly with the revival of the Ghoda Pachhad River in Khandwa district.
57. The Government of India introduced new guidelines to boost domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles (EVs). The Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India (SPMEPCI) aims to attract global manufacturers. This initiative comes amid Tesla’s reluctance to invest in manufacturing within the country.
58. India has achieved milestone in global animal health. The ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD) in Bhopal has been designated as a Category A Rinderpest Holding Facility (RHF). This recognition was announced during the 92nd General Session of the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) held in Paris on 29th May 2025.
59. Lucknow, known for its rich culture and culinary heritage, is vying for recognition as a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy. The city has officially submitted its nomination, aiming to join the ranks of other global cities celebrated for their gastronomic contributions. Currently, only Hyderabad holds this title in India.
60. Recent discoveries in the Makum Coalfield of Assam, have provided vital information about the region’s ancient biodiversity. Researchers from the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences have identified fossil leaves, dating back 24 million years, belonging to the Nothopegia genus. This genus is currently found only in the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
61. Recent studies have revealed a new flowering plant species named Portulaca bharat in the Aravali hills near Jaipur. This discovery marks the region’s rich biodiversity. The plant was first identified by researcher Nishant Chauhan, who noted its unique characteristics in a rocky, semi-arid environment.
62. The Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) has initiated the ‘Samarth’ Program to support startups in the Telecom and ICT sectors. This programme aims to cultivate innovative business models by offering essential resources and mentorship. Recently, C-DOT selected 18 startups for its first cohort through a competitive evaluation process.
63. The Ministry of Education recommended that seven states of India adopt a common board for classes 10 and 12. This suggestion follows an analysis by the School Education Department. The analysis revealed that these states accounted for 66% of student failures in the previous academic year. The seven states identified are Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Kerala, Manipur, Odisha, Telangana and West Bengal.
64. Recently, a tragic helicopter crash in Uttarakhand resulted in the deaths of five passengers and the pilot. This incident has drawn attention to the safety of helicopter operations during the Char Dham pilgrimage season. Helicopter rides in this region are already under scrutiny due to challenging terrain and unpredictable weather patterns.
65. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) released comprehensive guidelines for the disposal of expired and unused drugs. This initiative aims to mitigate the ecological risks associated with improper drug disposal. The guidelines encourage state and Union Territory drug controllers to promote adherence among stakeholders.
66. Delhi faces a severe challenge with air pollution impacting thermal comfort. A recent study reveals that 88% of Delhi’s thermally comfortable hours coincide with poor air quality. This situation marks the urgent need for innovative solutions in urban design and building management.
67. The Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2.0 report was released by the Union Ministry of Education on 18th June 2025. The PGI evaluates states based on various indicators that reflect the quality and accessibility of education. The report marks opportunity for improvement across all states.
68. The FASTag Annual Pass scheme was introduced in June 2025 by Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari. This initiative aims to enhance convenience for non-commercial private vehicle owners travelling on national highways. The scheme is designed to address long-standing issues at toll plazas, providing a streamlined and cost-effective solution for frequent travellers.
69. India has emerged as a leader in the potential for solar power generation from abandoned coal mines. Recent research marks the opportunity to transform degraded land into productive solar energy sites. This shift could alleviate energy demands while encouraging job creation.
70. The recent blowout at the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation’s Bhatiapar well in Assam’s Sivasagar district has raised concerns about the safety of oil and gas exploration. This incident, which has seen gas leaking for over a week, marks the challenges and risks associated with high-pressure drilling operations.
71. Historical discovery was made in India. A copper plate inscription from 1456 CE was found at the Srisailam Mallikarjunaswamy temple in Andhra Pradesh. This inscription is the first epigraphical reference to Halley’s Comet in Indian history. It was announced by Dr. K. Munirathnam Reddy, the Director of the Epigraphy Branch of the Archaeological Survey of India.
72. The Union Education Ministry has established a panel to address the growing reliance of students on coaching centres. This initiative aims to evaluate competitive entrance examinations and the overall schooling system. The panel, led by Higher Education Secretary Vineet Joshi, will explore various factors contributing to this trend.
73. King cobras are the world’s longest venomous snakes. Recently, a king cobra died in Bhopal’s Van Vihar zoo. This incident has sparked discussions on the reintroduction of king cobras in Madhya Pradesh. Chief Minister Mohan Yadav aims to address rising snakebite fatalities through this initiative. However, challenges exist regarding the feasibility and ecological implications of such plans.
74. The Election Commission of India (ECI) has updated its standard operating procedure (SOP) for verifying electronic voting machines (EVMs). This revision follows a Supreme Court ruling that allows candidates who finish second or third in elections to request checks on EVMs. The new SOP aims to enhance transparency and address concerns regarding the integrity of the electoral process.
75. The Union Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) initiated a new system to improve road maintenance under the Prime Minister Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY). The system involves attaching QR codes to maintenance information display boards for roads constructed under the scheme. This innovation aims to collect public feedback on road quality and maintenance.
76. The Ministry of Power has initiated the India Energy Stack (IES) to revolutionise India’s energy sector. This initiative aims to create a unified and interoperable digital infrastructure. As India progresses towards a $5 trillion economy and its Net Zero commitments, the energy sector faces both opportunities and challenges.
77. In recent years, India has made strides in addressing sickle cell disease (SCD) through newborn screening initiatives. A study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) brought into light the effectiveness of early diagnosis and treatment. The findings suggest that early intervention can drastically reduce mortality rates associated with SCD.
78. The Sariska Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan is undergoing changes in its Critical Tiger Habitat (CTH) boundaries. This move aims to benefit over 50 marble and dolomite mines that were previously shut down due to their proximity to the reserve.
79. The recent ‘Beej Utsav’ held at the tri-junction of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat has brought attention to the critical role of indigenous seeds in promoting agricultural sustainability. This four-day festival focused on the importance of preserving indigenous seeds and rebuilding community-led seed systems.
80. The Prime Minister’s Museum and Library Society is pursuing legal action to reclaim the Private Papers of Jawaharlal Nehru from Congress leader Sonia Gandhi. The AGM, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, emphasised that these papers are a national treasure. The papers were initially donated to the museum by Nehru’s family and have been a subject of contention since Sonia took them in 2008.
81. India has emerged as a leader in tobacco control, as brought into light by the World Health Organisation’s Global Tobacco Epidemic report. The report identifies India’s graphic health warnings on tobacco products as among the most effective globally. This reflects commitment to public health and the fight against tobacco-related illnesses.
82. India requested a pause in proceedings regarding the Ratle and Kishanganga hydropower projects, which are under dispute with Pakistan. This request was made to Michel Lino, the neutral expert appointed by the World Bank to oversee the disputes. The Government of India’s decision to place the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) in abeyance has intensified tensions between the two nations.
83. India achieved milestone by securing a position among the top 100 countries in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Index. This ranking is part of the Sustainable Development Report, which evaluates the progress of nations in achieving the 17 SDGs established in 2015. India ranks 99th out of 193 countries.
84. India has made strides in health under the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3). This goal focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages. Recent reports indicate that India is on track to achieve several health targets.
85. Recent studies have brought into light the potential of Favipiravir as a treatment for the Chandipura virus (CHPV). Conducted by the National Institute of Virology in Pune, these preclinical trials indicate that Favipiravir can reduce viral load and improve survival rates in infected animals.
86. The Shaktipeeth Expressway is infrastructure project in Maharashtra. Approved by the Maharashtra Cabinet on 24th June 2025, it aims to connect 12 districts from Pawnar in Wardha to Patradevi on the Maharashtra-Goa border. The project has a budget of Rs. 20,787 crore, with Rs. 12,000 crore earmarked for land acquisition.
87. The summer heat in India often leads to anticipation for the monsoon season. Kerala, known as God’s Own Country, is the first state to experience the southwest monsoon. The arrival of the rains is crucial as it marks the transition from scorching summer to a cooler, wetter climate.
88. Researchers announced the discovery of a new gecko species, Dravidogecko coonoor, in the Nilgiris of Tamil Nadu. This finding adds to the biodiversity of the Western Ghats, a hotspot for endemic species. The lead author, Mr. A. Abinesh, explained that this gecko was previously misclassified as part of another species, Hemidactylus anamallensis.
89. The Ambubachi Mahayog is an annual festival held at the Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, Assam. This event is celebrated during the Hindu month of Ahaar, typically falling in June or July. The festival draws millions of pilgrims and spiritual seekers who come to honour the divine feminine energy represented by Goddess Kamakhya.
90. The Banakacherla reservoir project has ignited a fierce political debate between Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Telangana’s Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy has challenged former Chief Minister K. Chandrashekar Rao to a public debate regarding the implications of this project.
91. The recent ruling by the Madhya Pradesh High Court has reaffirmed the protection of the tomb of Sufi saint Hazrat Sheikh Muhammad Ghaus in Gwalior. The court rejected a plea for religious practices at this historically site. The monument is not only a burial site for the saint but also houses the grave of Tansen, a renowned musician from Emperor Akbar’s court.
92. The Union Cabinet of India approved the establishment of a regional wing of the Peru-based International Potato Center (CIP) in Agra, Uttar Pradesh. This initiative aims to enhance potato and sweet potato research and development in South Asia.
93. The increasing human-tiger conflicts in India have prompted the Union Environment Ministry to initiate a pilot scheme aimed at managing these challenges. This scheme seeks to enhance monitoring and protection of tigers outside designated tiger reserves.
94. Bihar is set to become one of the first states in India to establish a nuclear power plant. This initiative is part of the country’s new Nuclear Energy Mission. This decision is as it comes ahead of the assembly elections in Bihar.
95. The Election Commission of India has initiated a special intensive revision of electoral rolls in Bihar. This decision comes ahead of the state assembly elections. The revision aims to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the electoral rolls. Existing electors not on the rolls since 2003 must provide documentation to establish their eligibility.
96. The National Statistics Office (NSO) recently published the Statistical Report on Value of Output from Agriculture and Allied Sectors (2011-12 to 2023-24). This report details the growth of agriculture and allied sectors over a twelve-year span. It marks changes in the Gross Value Added (GVA) and Gross Value of Output (GVO) across various sectors.
97. The introduction of water metro services in Patna is poised to revolutionise the city’s transport landscape. Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal’s recent announcement marks step towards utilising the Ganga for inland water transport. This initiative aims to alleviate the chronic traffic congestion that plagues Patna’s roadways.
98. The Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary, located in Kannur, Kerala, has recently gained recognition as India’s first protected area dedicated solely to butterflies. Renamed on 18th June this sanctuary spans 55 square kilometres of lush tropical and semi-evergreen forests. This initiative marks the importance of preserving biodiversity and the unique ecosystems of the Western Ghats.
99. Recent research has confirmed the return of the dhole, or Asiatic wild dog, to the Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong Landscape (KKAL) in Assam. This species, once thought to be locally extinct, was documented through camera-trap evidence in the Amguri corridor.
100. Kerala has recently been recognised for its exceptional management of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. In the Management Effectiveness Evaluation (MEE) conducted by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change for the period 2020-2025, Kerala shared the top position with Chandigarh. Both regions received high ratings, marking achievements in conservation efforts.
101. India’s coastline has undergone a remarkable transformation in recent years. The length has increased by nearly 50% due to advanced measurement techniques. This change is for administrative and strategic purposes. However, the actual ground situation remains unchanged.
102. Recent studies have brought renewed attention to the Keeladi archaeological site in Tamil Nadu. Research conducted by Liverpool John Moores University has reconstructed the facial features of individuals who lived around 2,500 years ago. The Tamil Nadu government has urged the Union government to release the findings of the Archaeological Survey of India regarding these excavations.
103. The Tamil Nadu government has initiated the restoration of Kariyachalli Island, part of the Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park. This effort follows the successful restoration of Vaan Island and is part of the Tamil Nadu Sustainably Harnessing Ocean Resource (TNSHORE) initiative. Funded by the state government and the World Bank, the project has a budget of Rs. 50 crore.
104. India’s commitment to child health and immunisation has shown remarkable progress in recent years. The Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) has played role in reducing child mortality rates and improving maternal health. As of 2025, India has achieved substantial milestones in immunisation, leading to decline in both Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) and child mortality rates.
105. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has recently updated its guidelines for the Waste-to-Energy (WtE) Programme under the National Bioenergy Programme. This initiative aims to create a more efficient and transparent framework for converting bio waste into energy.
106. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has introduced revised guidelines for the Biomass Programme under the National Bioenergy Programme. These changes are effective for the fiscal years 2021-22 to 2025-26. The amendments aim to enhance cleaner energy solutions and facilitate the adoption of biomass technologies across India.
107. India has made notable strides in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as brought into light in the National Indicator Framework (NIF) Progress Report 2025. Released on Statistics Day, this report outlines time series data on various SDG indicators. It reflects improvements in sectors like health, education, and social protection since 2015-16.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
International
1. Asian Development Bank (ADB) President Masato Kanda announced a transformative five-year plan aimed at enhancing urban infrastructure across India. This initiative will mobilise up to $10 billion, including third-party capital. The plan focuses on metro expansions, new Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS) corridors, and sustainable urban development.
2. The Perito Moreno glacier, located in Argentina, is experiencing alarming changes due to climate change. This iconic glacier has long been a symbol of natural beauty and stability. However, recent ice calving events have raised concerns among scientists. The glacier, once stable for decades, has started to retreat and lose mass at unprecedented rates.
3. Recent reports have brought into light Elon Musk’s extensive use of ketamine. This has raised concerns about the drug’s effects and safety. Musk, who has been a close adviser to Donald Trump, reportedly consumed ketamine frequently. He stated that he was prescribed the drug for depression. However, the amount he used led to bladder problems. This situation sheds light on the complexities surrounding ketamine’s use in both medical and recreational contexts.
4. On 1st June 2025, Bangladesh’s International Crimes Tribunal accepted charges against former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. She is accused of crimes against humanity amid an uprising that led to her ousting in August 2024. The tribunal has ordered an investigation into her alleged actions, including murder and inciting violence against protesters.
5. Ukraine recently executed military operation, dubbed Operation Spider’s Web, targeting Russian military infrastructure. This operation, which took 18 months to plan, marks a very important moment in the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia.
6. The latest report from UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring Team marks rise in the global out-of-school population. As of 2025, the figure stands at 272 million, an increase of over 21 million from previous estimates. This alarming trend raises concerns about educational access and equity worldwide.
7. Turkey’s Bayraktar TB2 drones have been prominent in global conflicts, showcasing Turkey’s military capabilities. However, recent events in May 2025 during Operation Sindoor have severely undermined their reputation. Indian forces successfully intercepted every Turkish-origin drone deployed by Pakistan.
8. In cultural shift, Bangladesh has introduced new currency notes that exclude the image of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the nation’s founding father. This change comes amid ongoing political unrest and is part of a broader effort to revamp the country’s financial symbols. The interim government, led by Nobel Laureate Muhammad Yunus, aims to incorporate historical and archaeological elements into the national currency.
9. India is currently navigating a complex landscape in its agricultural trade relations with the United States. A recent working paper by NITI Aayog marks the need for India to adopt a dual approach in its trade policies. This involves offering tariff concessions on select agricultural products while implementing structural reforms to enhance the competitiveness of its farming sector.
10. Mount Etna, located in Sicily, Italy, erupted on 2nd June 2025. This event marked another chapter in the volcano’s long history of activity. Authorities confirmed that the eruption posed no immediate threat to nearby residents. However, the alert level at Catania Airport was raised due to the ash cloud that reached several kilometres into the atmosphere.
11. The Antarctic Ice Sheet is nearing a critical melting tipping point. Recent studies indicate that even if global warming is halted, the ice sheet may continue to melt. This phenomenon, known as hysteresis, suggests that the melting process has become self-sustaining. Researchers from NORCE Research, Northumbria University, and Potsdam University have confirmed this alarming trend.
12. Recent developments have positioned France at the forefront of European security discussions. On 14th May 2025, President Emmanuel Macron indicated France’s willingness to consider the stationing of its nuclear weapons in other European countries. This statement emerges amidst heightened security concerns due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
13. The landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed rapidly. Recent reports highlight an exceptional surge in AI adoption. Venture capitalist Mary Meeker’s latest trends report, titled ‘Trends – Artificial Intelligence,’ emphasises this unprecedented pace. The report illustrates how AI’s adoption curve is unlike previous technological advancements.
14. The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of the Group of 7 (G7) meetings. Canada is hosting the G7 Leader’s Summit from 15th to 17th June in Kananaskis, Alberta. This will be Canada’s seventh time as host. Notably, India has yet to receive an invitation, which could mark its first absence since 2019. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has attended every summit since then, except for the cancelled 2020 meeting.
15. The Israel-Gaza conflict has escalated dramatically, resulting in loss of life and infrastructure. A recent study reveals the staggering greenhouse gas emissions linked to this conflict. The report, titled “War on the Climate,” estimates emissions from direct combat activities alone at 1.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e).
16. US President Donald Trump announced a travel ban affecting citizens from twelve countries. This decision follows a recent terror attack in Colorado, denoting national security concerns. The ban aims to prevent individuals from nations deemed high-risk due to inadequate vetting processes.
17. The UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report 2024-25 marks ongoing gender disparities in educational outcomes and leadership roles worldwide. Despite improvements in enrolment rates, gaps persist in learning achievements and the representation of women in top educational positions. The report reveals that boys are falling behind girls in reading proficiency globally.
18. Socotra Island is renowned for its unique biodiversity. It is often referred to as the Galápagos of the Indian Ocean. This designation marks its rich flora and fauna. In 2008, it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Over 37% of its plant species are endemic, meaning they are not found anywhere else on Earth.
19. Recent discussions have emerged regarding the impact of Chinese dam projects on the Brahmaputra River. The river is vital for India, particularly Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Assam’s Chief Minister, Himanta Biswa Sarma, brought into light that portion of the river’s flow originates from India. He noted that even potential reductions in water flow from China might not adversely affect Assam, and could even help mitigate flooding.
20. World Environment Day 2025 marks the urgent need to tackle plastic pollution. Microplastics pose severe health risks that remain largely unmeasured. This challenge is compounded by India’s rapid economic growth. The country faces environmental disease burden, accounting for nearly 25% of global cases.
21. Recent advancements in radar technology have emerged from China, promising to transform military operations. Researchers have developed a silent radar system capable of detecting moving targets in noisy environments. This system employs passive bistatic airborne radar and sophisticated signal processing techniques. The technology allows for target detection without revealing the radar’s presence.
22. Ohio lawmakers introduced two bills aimed at restricting land ownership for foreign nationals and specific categories of Green Card holders. This legislative move aligns with a growing trend across various Republican-controlled states in the United States.
23. The global initiative to protect 30% of the oceans by 2030 requires an annual investment of $15.8 billion. This figure is outlined in the report titled “The Ocean Protection Gap – Assessing Progress toward the 30×30 Target.” The report, released by a consortium of NGOs and funders, marks funding shortfall. Currently, only $1.2 billion is allocated annually for ocean protection, leaving a gap of $14.6 billion.
24. Recent climate data indicates a concerning trend in global temperatures. The years 2023 and 2024 recorded unprecedented warmth, intensifying the urgency surrounding climate change. The Paris Agreement established a 2ºC increase as a critical threshold. However, the Alliance of Small Island States advocated for a more stringent limit of 1.5ºC.
25. Recent studies have raised alarms about a group of bat coronaviruses known as merbecoviruses. These viruses are closely related to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Researchers from Washington State University, California Institute of Technology, and the University of North Carolina have found that one subgroup, HKU5, may pose a risk to humans.
26. The world faces environmental challenges as of 2025. These challenges include rising carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, and persistent pollution. Over the past decade, global awareness has increased, yet the crises have deepened. Carbon emissions rose from 34.1 billion metric tonnes in 2015 to 37.4 billion metric tonnes in 2024.
27. Recent advancements in biodiversity research have led to the rediscovery of a rare hexapod species known as Ballistura fitchoides. This species was first identified nearly a century ago in the Nilgiris by French scientist J. R. Dennis. The original specimen has since been lost, complicating efforts to study this springtail insect.
28. China has made leap in artificial intelligence with the deployment of non-binary AI chips. This advancement comes from Professor Li Hongge’s team at Beihang University. They have developed a novel computing approach called Hybrid Stochastic Number (HSN) computing. This innovation aims to address critical limitations in conventional computing.
29. The world is facing a climate crisis that demands urgent action. Greenhouse gas emissions are increasing globally, prompting researchers to explore innovative technologies to cool the planet. One such technology is Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI), a method that aims to reflect sunlight away from Earth by injecting aerosols into the stratosphere.
30. Rwanda has announced its withdrawal from the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), denoting ongoing diplomatic tensions in the region. This decision follows a recent summit in Equatorial Guinea where Rwanda was expected to assume the chairmanship of the bloc. Instead, Equatorial Guinea retained the role, prompting Rwanda to denounce the move as a violation of its rights.
31. The High Seas Treaty has gained momentum as 18 additional countries ratified it, bringing the total to 49. This treaty, adopted in June 2023, aims to protect and sustainably use biodiversity in international waters. It is step towards achieving the “30×30” biodiversity target, which seeks to conserve 30% of the oceans and lands by 2030. The recent ratifications occurred during the third United Nations Ocean Conference held in Nice, France.
32. Pakistan secured roles in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) as an elected non-permanent member for the 2025-26 term. It now chairs the 1988 Taliban Sanctions Committee and serves as the Vice Chair of the 1373 Counter-Terrorism Committee. Additionally, Pakistan is a Co-Chair in two informal working groups. This development raises questions about Pakistan’s influence and the implications for India.
33. Brazil and France initiated the Blue NDC Challenge at the United Ocean Conference (UNOC3) in Nice. This initiative aims to integrate ocean-focused climate strategies into countrie’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) before the upcoming 30th Conference of Parties (COP30) in Belem, Brazil.
34. The 2025 State of World Population Report by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) marks reproductive challenges in India. The report, titled “The Real Fertility Crisis,” reveals that a substantial portion of the population faces unintended pregnancies and unfulfilled desires regarding family size.
35. Global operation was launched to combat cybercrime. Codenamed ‘Operation Secure’, this initiative involved law enforcement agencies from 26 countries. The operation aimed to dismantle malicious infrastructure linked to information-stealing malware. Interpol coordinated these efforts, collaborating with private sector partners such as Group-IB, Kaspersky, and Trend Micro.
36. Sepsis is a critical condition that arises when the body’s response to infection leads to widespread inflammation. This can result in organ damage and is often fatal. Recent research indicates that statins, drugs traditionally used to lower cholesterol, may reduce mortality rates in patients suffering from sepsis.
37. AviList, launched on 12th June 2025, serves as the first unified global checklist of bird species. This initiative followed four years of collaborative work by the Working Group on Avian Checklists. The checklist replaces previous lists, including the International Ornithological Committee and Clements lists.
38. Countries worldwide are increasingly adopting carbon pricing mechanisms to address greenhouse gas emissions. A recent report by the World Bank marks that carbon pricing now encompasses nearly two-thirds of the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The total number of operational carbon pricing instruments has surged from 5 in 2005 to 80 in 2025.
39. The global displacement crisis has reached alarming levels as of April 2025. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reported that 122.1 million people are forcibly displaced worldwide. This figure marks the urgent need for international attention and support. Despite a slight decrease in numbers from the previous year, the overall situation remains critical.
40. The US Army is set to commemorate its 250th anniversary with a grand military parade in Washington on 14th June. This date coincides with US President Donald Trump’s 79th birthday and Flag Day. The parade marks moment in American history, celebrating the establishment of the Army by the Second Continental Congress.
41. Himachal Pradesh opened the Shipki La Pass to domestic tourists. This pass, located at an altitude of 3,930 metres in Kinnaur district, aims to boost border tourism and revive India-China trade. The initiative was launched by Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu. The opening of Shipki La marks a very important moment for the local economy and cultural exchange.
42. In recent events, Iran’s parliament is considering a bill that may lead the country to exit the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). This follows military strikes by Israel, which cited concerns over Iran’s nuclear ambitions. The situation escalated after the U.N. nuclear watchdog declared Iran in breach of its NPT obligations.
43. Recent studies highlight flaws in the global network of protected areas (PAs). Despite covering 17% of the Earth’s land, many PAs fail to address the most pressing ecological threats. A comprehensive analysis of 33,379 species and 2,55,848 protected sites reveals alarming mismatches between PAs and areas facing severe biodiversity loss.
44. Recently, a team of experts in the United States achieved a breakthrough in cancer treatment. They successfully employed step-and-shoot spot-scanning proton arc therapy, known as SPArc, to treat adenoid cystic carcinoma. This innovative method precisely targets tumours while minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
45. The global nuclear weapons landscape in 2025 is defined by the presence of nine countries with nuclear capabilities. The five original nuclear powers are the United States, Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdom. These nations are signatories to the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT). This treaty aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote disarmament.
46. Recent advancements in cancer treatment have brought into light a new one-step colloidal synthesis method for nanoparticles. This innovative approach focuses on creating nanoparticles with a unique shell structure, specifically designed for photothermal therapy (PTT) to combat cancer.
47. The 78th World Health Assembly made history by unanimously adopting the resolution titled ‘Skin diseases as a global public health priority’. The decision reflects years of advocacy and the need for better funding and attention towards skin diseases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
48. The 113th International Labour Conference (ILC) concluded on 13th June 2025. It marked milestone by adopting the first international labour standards aimed at protecting workers from biological hazards. This initiative is crucial for enhancing occupational health and safety globally.
49. The Bonn Climate Change Conference is a very important annual event under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This conference serves as an essential platform for climate negotiations and discussions. The 2025 conference commenced on 16th June and will conclude on 26th June.
50. The Government of India initiated Operation Sindhu to evacuate Indian nationals from Iran amid escalating tensions in the region. The conflict between Israel and Iran had intensified, prompting urgent measures to ensure the safety of Indian citizens. The Indian Embassy successfully evacuated 110 students from northern Iran.
51. The European Commission has recently proposed a legally binding ban on the import of Russian gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) by 2027. This decision follows the EU’s commitment to sever its longstanding energy ties with Russia, a move prompted by the geopolitical tensions arising from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
52. As geopolitical tensions rise, particularly between Israel and Iran, the global oil market faces uncertainties. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has released its medium-term outlook, titled “Oil 2025,” which outlines key trends that will shape oil supply and demand in the coming years.
53. The recent United Nations report marks critical food insecurity in several African nations and beyond. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Food Programme (WFP) identified Sudan, South Sudan, Mali, Palestine, and Haiti as the top five hunger hotspots. The report indicates that conflict, economic instability, and climate-related issues are the main drivers of these crises.
54. The United Nations Oceans Conference (UNOC) recently concluded in France. This event marked milestone in global marine conservation. The conference focused on the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) agreement, commonly referred to as the High Seas Treaty. This treaty aims to protect oceans and establish marine-protected areas in international waters.
55. The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced its first global guideline for managing sickle cell disease (SCD) during pregnancy. This initiative addresses health challenge impacting both mothers and infants. SCD is characterised by crescent-shaped red blood cells that can obstruct blood flow, leading to severe health complications.
56. Recent research indicates that the collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) could lead to extreme winter temperatures in northern Europe. This study, led by Dr. Rene van Westen from Utrecht University, was published in June 2025. It marks the potential consequences of climate change and freshwater influx from melting ice sheets.
57. The ongoing conflict between the United States, Israel, and Iran has intensified, particularly concerning Iran’s Fordow nuclear facility. This site, located approximately 95 km from Tehran, is crucial due to its advanced uranium enrichment capabilities. The situation escalated following recent Israeli airstrikes, which targeted various Iranian nuclear sites.
58. Rice farming in Africa faces challenge due to the Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV). This viral disease has been spreading silently for over a century. Recent genomic studies have brought into light its impact on rice production across the continent. Farmers are experiencing declining yields and increasing uncertainty.
59. The Covid-19 pandemic continues to evolve with new variants. The recent emergence of the NB.1.8.1 variant, also known as ‘Nimbus’, has drawn attention due to its rapid spread, particularly in China and the United States. This variant is associated with a unique symptom referred to as a ‘razor blade’ throat, characterised by severe pain during swallowing.
60. The Strait of Hormuz is a vital waterway that connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman. It is currently in the spotlight due to escalating tensions between Iran and Israel. Iran’s potential closure of the strait raises concerns regarding global oil trade and regional stability. This narrow passage is crucial for the transport of approximately 20% of the world’s oil supply.
61. The GENIUS Act Bill was passed by the US Senate in June 2025. This bill aims to regulate stablecoins, which are cryptocurrencies backed by reserves. The passage signifies a major shift in the US government’s approach to digital assets.
62. The recent military actions by the United States against Iran’s nuclear installations have escalated tensions in the Middle East. On 22nd June 2025, President Donald Trump announced the obliteration of three nuclear sites – Fordow, Isfahan, and Natanz. These facilities are crucial for uranium enrichment, a process essential for both nuclear energy and weaponry.
63. The recent military strikes by the United States against Iranian nuclear facilities have escalated tensions in the Middle East. This event marks shift in US involvement in the region, transforming its role from supportive ally to active participant. The airstrikes, particularly on the Fordow Uranium Enrichment Plant, have raised concerns about a broader conflict involving Iran, Israel, and their respective allies.
64. Recent studies highlight the alarming effects of climate change on global food production. By 2100, a rise in average global temperatures could reduce per capita calorie availability by 4%. Major staple crops such as rice, wheat, and maize will face diminishing yields. This trend poses threat to food security worldwide.
65. On 22nd June 2025, wildfire erupted on Chios Island in the eastern Aegean Sea. This event prompted emergency evacuations across multiple areas. The fire was exacerbated by strong winds, making containment efforts challenging for firefighters. Over 100 firefighters were deployed, supported by aerial resources including helicopters and planes.
66. The International Society of Blood Transfusion officially recognised a new blood group system named EMM-negative, also known as Gwada negative. This designation emerged from the unique case of a woman from Guadeloupe who is the only known individual to possess this rare blood type. The discovery puts stress on advancements in transfusion medicine and genetic research.
67. The geopolitical landscape in the Middle East has been altered by recent military actions. On 23rd June 2025, Iran launched Operation Bashayer Al-Fath, targeting the Al-Udeid Air Base in Qatar. This operation was a direct response to the United State’s Operation Midnight Hammer, which involved airstrikes on Iranian nuclear facilities.
68. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Romania are conducting the largest international nuclear emergency exercise to date. The event, named ConvEx-3 (2025), will take place from 24th June and simulate a severe accident at the Cernavoda Nuclear Power Plant. This exercise involves over 75 countries and 10 international organisations, denoting the global focus on nuclear safety.
69. The ongoing trade negotiations between India and the United States have raised concerns among key agricultural sectors in India. As both nations strive to finalise a bilateral trade agreement, the implications for domestic agriculture, particularly the sugar and soybean industries, are becoming increasingly apparent.
70. The Nipah virus poses public health threat due to its high mortality rate and potential for outbreaks. Recently, India made a major advancement in combating this virus. The National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune developed a portable test kit that can detect the Nipah virus within minutes.
71. Iran’s Parliament voted to suspend all cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This decision came after military strikes by the US and Israel on Iranian nuclear sites. The legislation marks a very important moment in the ongoing Iran-Israel conflict and raises concerns regarding nuclear proliferation.
72. Recent studies have raised alarms about the potential effects of deep-sea mining on marine ecosystems. The Metals Company, a Canadian firm, seeks permits to mine the Pacific seabed. This area, known as the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), is crucial for resources needed in the green transition. However, research indicates risks to marine life, particularly cetaceans like whales and dolphins.
73. Oil prices dropped by 9% due to stabilising geopolitical tensions and assurances of uninterrupted oil supply. The Brent crude benchmark fell to $67.44 per barrel. This shift is primarily attributed to Iran’s decision to retaliate against U.S. military bases without disrupting vital oil routes.
74. Recent developments in the United States show the ongoing legal conflicts between artificial intelligence companies and copyright holders. A federal judge ruled that Anthropic’s use of copyrighted books for training its AI system was protected under fair use. However, the company was found in breach of copyright law for storing pirated copies of millions of titles.
75. Leptospirosis, a bacterial infection, has recently surged in Ernakulam District. Over the past three weeks, five fatalities have been reported alongside more than 65 suspected and confirmed cases. The outbreak coincides with the onset of the monsoon season. Health authorities are urging the public to take precautions against this zoonotic disease.
76. Recent studies show critical challenges in marine conservation, particularly regarding sea turtles. As nations strive to achieve the 30×30 goal of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, it is evident that current Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) may not suffice. Only 23% of sea turtle hotspots are within MPAs, and merely 3% of these areas are effectively managed.
77. The UN80 Initiative aims to strengthen the United Nation’s effectiveness amid rising global challenges. The initiative responds to issues such as conflict, displacement, inequality, and climate change. It also addresses the need for reform due to budget constraints and political divisions among member states.
78. Recent revelations have brought into light crisis in the quality of chemotherapy drugs used worldwide. Investigative reports indicate that vital chemotherapy medications have failed quality tests, jeopardising the health of cancer patients in over 100 countries. The implications of this crisis are deep, as it affects treatment efficacy and patient safety.
79. The report Skills for the Future – Transforming India’s Workforce Landscape was released recently. This report, developed by the Institute for Competitiveness, focuses on India’s skills landscape. It marks the importance of aligning education and vocational training with industry needs.
80. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing alarmingly among individuals under 40. Reports indicate that in some countries, rates exceed 15%. This shift marks change from the past when the condition was primarily associated with older adults. The rise in early-onset type 2 diabetes poses serious health risks and challenges for global health systems.
81. The NATO summit of 2025 marked shift in defence policy and international relations. Under the leadership of President Donald Trump, NATO members agreed to a controversial target of 5% of their GDP for defence spending. This decision has far-reaching implications for the alliance and its approach to global security.
82. Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) signed peace agreement, brokered by the United States. This agreement aims to end years of conflict that have resulted in thousands of deaths and widespread displacement. The deal is important step towards stability in the region, which is rich in valuable minerals.
83. The European Commission has issued a warning to Meta Platforms regarding its compliance with the Digital Markets Act (DMA). This follows fine of 200 million euros imposed on Meta for breaching the DMA. The Commission is intensifying its efforts to regulate Big Tech and ensure fair competition.
84. The 2025 World Investment Report marks challenges in the global investment landscape. It reveals that foreign direct investment (FDI) is not reaching the nations and sectors that require it the most. Despite a notable increase in FDI in Africa, overall investment in developing countries has stagnated.
85. Recent studies show the potential of sustainable agricultural intensification (SAI) in Senegal. Researchers from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) have identified methods to improve food security and conserve land. Their findings suggest that strategic crop choices can enhance farmer’s incomes while reducing environmental impacts linked to land expansion.
86. Efforts to combat climate change are hindered by the spread of misinformation. A recent report from the International Panel on the Information Environment reveals alarming trends. It marks how misleading narratives about climate science and solutions are obstructing global initiatives.
87. The India-Africa partnership has gained prominence in recent years. This collaboration focuses on addressing food insecurity and transforming agriculture. Both regions face challenges such as climate change, weak infrastructure, and limited access to finance.
88. The Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt in Canada has gained attention for potentially housing the oldest known rocks on Earth. Recent research indicates these rocks may date back to 4.16 billion years, offering vital information about the planet’s early history. This study resolves previous debates regarding their age, utilising advanced radiometric dating techniques.
89. Pakistan faces severe challenges due to climate change. Recent flash floods have resulted in the deaths of at least 32 people. The National Disaster Management Authority has issued alerts for potential glacial lake outburst floods, urban flooding, and further flash floods.
90. Recent studies reveal that extreme heat not only poses immediate health risks but may also accelerate biological ageing. Research indicates that prolonged exposure to high temperatures can lead to changes at the molecular level, impacting overall health and longevity.
91. The Bonnet macaque, a notable primate in South India, faces population control measures in Kerala. The Kerala Forest Department plans to seek approval from the Union Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change to conduct sterilisation. This initiative aims to mitigate human-wildlife conflict, particularly crop damage reported by farmers near forest areas.
92. Recent advancements in computer technology have emerged from The Pennsylvania State University. Researchers have successfully built a computer using two-dimensional (2D) materials, marking milestone in the evolution of semiconductor technology. This development offers a potential alternative to traditional silicon-based systems, which have faced limitations as devices continue to shrink in size.
93. Recently, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution designating 4th December as the International Day Against Unilateral Coercive Measures. This resolution was passed with 116 votes in favour, 51 against, and 6 abstentions. It aims to raise global awareness about the adverse effects of unilateral economic, financial, and trade sanctions that contravene international law and the UN Charter.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
Defence
1. The Indian Army is currently engaged in extensive Capacity Development Demonstrations across key locations in India. These include the Pokhran and Babina Field Firing Ranges, as well as Joshimath. The demonstrations are intended to evaluate advanced defence systems under near-combat conditions. This initiative is part of the Indian Army’s vision for a “Decade of Transformation.”
2. The graduation of 17 women cadets from the National Defence Academy (NDA) marks milestone in the Indian armed forces. This event marks the evolving role of women in military leadership. The NDA, located in Khadakwasla, has opened its doors to women, allowing them to pursue careers in the military alongside their male counterparts.
3. The Indian Navy is set to conduct a joint naval exercise with the European Union Naval Force (EUNAVFOR). This exercise will involve ships and aircraft from both sides. It aims to enhance interoperability and combat non-traditional maritime threats. The collaboration is step towards reinforcing maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region.
4. The Indian Navy is set to commission its first Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC), named Arnala, on 18th June 2025. This event will take place at the Naval Dockyard in Visakhapatnam, presided over by Chief of Defence Staff, General Anil Chauhan. The commissioning of Arnala signifies a major advancement in India’s naval capabilities and reflects the nation’s commitment to self-reliance in defence manufacturing.
5. The Indian Air Force (IAF) is poised to enhance its operational capabilities with the upcoming acquisition of I-STAR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance) aircraft. This Rs. 10,000 crore project is set to be approved by the Defence Ministry amidst rising tensions and ongoing military operations.
6. The Indian Army has arrived in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia to participate in Khaan Quest 2025. This multinational military exercise runs from 14th to 28th June. It aims to enhance peacekeeping capabilities among participating nations. Over the years, Khaan Quest has grown from a bilateral initiative to multinational event.
7. India is set to enhance its defence capabilities with the launch of the Extended Trajectory-Long Duration Hypersonic Cruise Missile (ET-LDHCM). This missile, developed under the Defence Research and Development Organisation’s (DRDO) Project Vishnu, represents leap in military technology.
8. The Indian Navy’s INS Tabar recently participated in naval exercise with the United Kingdom’s Carrier Strike Group. This event took place in the North Arabian Sea on 9th and 10th June 2025. The exercise showcased the growing cooperation between the Indian Navy and the Royal Navy.
9. The Rudrastra drone represents advancement in India’s military technology. Developed by Solar Aerospace and Defence Limited, it was recently tested by the Indian Army, marking a very important moment in unmanned aerial warfare. This drone combines vertical take-off and landing capabilities with long-range precision strike capabilities.
10. Recent advancements in quantum secure communication have marked milestone in data transmission security. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi have successfully tested this technology over a free-space optical link.
11. The Defence Cyber Agency (DCA) of India initiated the ‘Cyber Suraksha’ exercise on 16th June 2025. This comprehensive cybersecurity drill is organised under the Integrated Defence Staff headquarters and will run until 27th June 2025. Aimed at enhancing national cyber resilience, the exercise involves over 100 participants from various national agencies and defence sectors.
12. India’s aerospace sector is at a critical juncture. The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) promises to be a revolutionary step in indigenous military aviation. However, historical challenges in engine development raise concerns about its success.
13. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India has made move to enhance the capabilities of the armed forces. It has offered 28 existing weapon systems for emergency procurement. This initiative aligns with the government’s push for self-reliance in defence manufacturing.
14. India’s naval capabilities are set to receive boost with the commissioning of INS Tamal on 1st July 2025, in Kaliningrad, Russia. This frigate is the last of the Krivak class to be built outside India, marking a very important moment in the Indian Navy’s transition towards self-reliance under the ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
Business, Economy & Banking
1. Recent surveys indicate rise in online banking capabilities among women in rural India. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation’s Comprehensive Modular Survey – Telecom, 2025, reveals that 30.0% of women in rural areas can now perform online banking transactions. This marks a notable increase from 17.1% in the previous year. The surge is particularly pronounced among young women aged 15-24, where the percentage has doubled, reaching 51.4%.
2. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced draft guidelines for gold loans, effective from 1st January 2026. This move aims to mitigate rising non-performing assets (NPAs) linked to gold loans. As gold prices soar, the demand for gold loans has surged across India. The RBI’s guidelines focus on ensuring responsible lending and protecting both borrowers and lenders.
3. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) withdrew its $434.25 million loan for a proposed 1000 MW Solar Power Park in Karbi Anglong, Assam. This decision followed objections from local communities, including the Karbi, Naga, Kachari, and Adivasi groups. They opposed the project due to concerns about land displacement affecting 24 villages. The withdrawal marks the tension between development initiatives and local rights.
4. Recent discussions have brought into light India’s evolving economic stature. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is projected to reach approximately $4,187.03 billion in 2025. This positions India as the fourth largest economy globally, surpassing Japan. Moreover, projections suggest India could become the third largest economy by 2028.
5. Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal engaged with the Norwegian Shipowners Association to explore investment opportunities in India’s maritime sector. This initiative aligns with India’s broader vision for maritime growth known as MAHASAGAR. This vision emphasizes sustainable development and international collaboration in shipping and ocean business.
6. The Reserve Bank of India’s Urban Consumer Confidence Survey (UCCS) for May 2025 indicates a cautious yet improving sentiment among urban households. Conducted from 2nd to 11th May, the survey gathered insights from 6,090 respondents across 19 major cities. The findings reveal a nuanced picture of current economic perceptions and future expectations.
7. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) implemented 100 basis points (bps) rate cut. This move aims to stimulate demand for loans and boost consumption in the economy. However, it presents challenges for retail depositors as deposit rates are expected to decline amidst a falling savings rate.
8. Recently RBI proposed draft regulations for Rupee Interest Rate Derivatives (IRD) to modernise the existing framework. This move follows developments in the market since the last regulations were issued in June 2019. The RBI aims to align the regulatory framework with current market conditions and enhance participation from non-resident entities.
9. India’s position in the global Energy Transition Index has shifted to 71st in 2025. This ranking was released by the World Economic Forum, which assesses the energy transition performance of 118 countries. Despite a drop from 63rd last year, alongside China, has shown improvements in energy access and transition readiness.
10. The RBI has issued new guidelines for project finance as of 2025. These guidelines aim to improve the financial stability of Regulated Entities (REs) while addressing risks associated with project loans. The new directions establish a framework for provisioning requirements for loans related to under-construction projects in Commercial Real Estate (CRE) and infrastructure.
11. The Reserve Bank of India has recently relaxed the priority sector lending (PSL) norms for small finance banks (SFBs). This change reduces the PSL target from 75% to 60%. This regulatory adjustment aims to provide SFBs with greater operational flexibility. It allows these banks to diversify and manage their loan portfolios more effectively.
12. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) made monetary policy changes in June 2025, surprising many economists. The RBI cut the repo rate by 50 basis points and the cash reserve ratio by 100 basis points. This shift from an “accommodative” to a “neutral” stance raised questions about the necessity of such aggressive actions.
13. The issue of wilful default in India has escalated, with 2,664 corporates identified as defaulters by the Reserve Bank of India as of March 2024. These companies owe a staggering Rs. 1,96,441 crore to the banking sector. The rise in the number of wilful defaulters from 2,154 in March 2020 to 2,664 in March 2024 raises alarms about the financial stability of India’s corporate sector.
14. India has recently launched the Sagarmala Finance Corporation Limited (SMFCL), marking advancement in the maritime sector. This initiative aims to strengthen the financial framework supporting maritime infrastructure development. The establishment of SMFCL as a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is very important for addressing financing gaps in the industry.
15. India’s position in the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Index has declined. Recently, India ranked 131st out of 148 countries. This fall is attributed to a worsening situation in political empowerment. While economic participation, educational attainment, and health have shown improvements, political representation remains a pressing issue.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
Science & Technology
1. The DHRUVA initiative is a groundbreaking digital policy introduced by the Department of Posts in India. Launched in 2025, it aims to reshape how address information is structured and utilised across the nation. DHRUVA stands for Digital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address.
2. The recent approval of the mNexspike vaccine by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) marks development in the fight against Covid-19. This new vaccine, developed by Moderna, is not intended to replace the existing Spikevax vaccine but serves as an additional option for specific populations. It is particularly aimed at individuals aged 65 and older and those aged 12 to 64 with underlying health conditions that increase their risk of severe disease.
3. Scientists from the Zoological Survey of India announced the discovery of a new frog species, Amolops shillong, in Shillong, Meghalaya. This finding marks the intersection of urbanisation and biodiversity. The new species was identified in urban forest patches, demonstrating that cities can host unique ecosystems.
4. India launched Bharat Gen, a groundbreaking Artificial Intelligence (AI) initiative. This multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) is designed to cater to the diverse linguistic and cultural landscape of India. The initiative was revealed at the BharatGen Summit, the largest event focused on Generative AI in the country.
5. The early arrival of the monsoon in India has provided some relief from extreme heat. However, heatwaves continue to pose challenges. In recent years, heatwaves have intensified, affecting productivity and economic stability. The International Labour Organization reported alarming figures regarding the impact of heat on workers globally, denoting India’s vulnerability.
6. Recent advancements in medical research have led to the creation of an artificial metal-based nanozyme at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc.). This innovative approach targets abnormal blood clotting, particularly in conditions like pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). The research is a response to the urgent need for effective treatments in light of rising cases of thrombosis.
7. A high-powered committee, led by Principal Scientific Advisor Ajay Sood, recommended changes to the country’s approach to Flu Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) units in coal-fired thermal power plants (TPPs). This recommendation comes after an extensive review of data and reports from various scientific institutions.
8. Recent studies reveal vital information about the emissions of passenger vehicles in India. A collaboration between the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee and the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) has shown that Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) emit up to 38% less carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per kilometre compared to Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles.
9. The recent failure of the Japanese space mission Hakuto-R has brought into light the challenges faced by private space companies in achieving successful lunar landings. The mission, launched by ispace, aimed to land the Resilience lander on the Moon. However, mission control lost communication with the spacecraft during its final descent, leading to a crash landing.
10. The discovery of a new species of parasitic wasp, Losgna occidentalis, has brought into light the rich biodiversity of India. This species was identified in Chandigarh, marking find after nearly six decades. The research puts stress on the importance of taxonomic studies in understanding and conserving ecosystems amidst climate change and habitat loss.
11. Recent studies highlight the deep-rooted genetic connections between Iberia and North Africa. This relationship persisted for centuries until event in history altered it. Researchers analysed ancient DNA from individuals in eastern Spain to understand this genetic lineage, particularly during the periods of Al-Andalus and the Reconquista.
12. A groundbreaking discovery was made in Pashan Lake, Pune. A new species of planarian worm, named Dugesia punensis, was identified. This marks the first new planarian species recorded in India since 1983. The findings were published in the Records of the Zoological Survey of India.
13. Recent research has revealed a new bat species in the Western Himalayas, bridging the ecological gap between India and Pakistan. This discovery is part of a larger study conducted between 2017 and 2021, which documented 29 bat species in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Among these, the Himalayan long-tailed myotis (Myotis himalaicus) stands out as a new-to-science species.
14. The recent identification of a new beetle species, Spathaspina noohi, has excited the scientific community. This discovery was made in the forests of Meghalaya. The beetle is notable for its distinctive sword-like spine. This anatomical feature is so rare that it warranted the creation of a new genus, Spathaspina.
15. India is advancing its renewable energy goals with a new funding package for battery energy storage systems. The government plans to invest Rs. 5,400 crore to set up a 30 GWh capacity. This initiative complements an existing Rs. 3,700 crore incentive for 13.2 GWh of storage. The initiative aims to ensure round-the-clock renewable energy supply and enhance grid stability.
16. The Kerala Forest Department has initiated an innovative afforestation project named ‘Vithoot’, coinciding with World Environment Day. This programme aims to address increasing human-wildlife conflicts and restore Kerala’s ecological balance.
17. India’s economy showed resilience in 2025, with a real GDP growth of 6.5% in the fiscal year 2024-25. This growth was boosted by strong agricultural performance and a buoyant services sector. However, challenges persist, including stagnant private capital expenditure and weak urban consumption.
18. Nuclear fusion represents a very important advancement in the quest for sustainable energy. Scientists in Germany have recently made strides in this field. The Wendelstein 7-X reactor in Greifswald has set a new record by sustaining a fusion plasma for 43 seconds. This achievement is a notable leap towards harnessing fusion as a viable energy source.
19. Recent studies reveal alarming trends in ocean health. Research indicates that over 20% of the global ocean has darkened in the past two decades. This phenomenon poses serious threats to marine ecosystems and overall planetary health.
20. Recent research has revealed a new species of jumping spider in southern India. This species belongs to the Spartaeinae subfamily. It is as it marks the first discovery of the genera Spartaeus and Sonoita in India. Previously, these genera were only known from Southeast Asia and Africa.
21. India’s environmental performance has raised concerns as states struggle to meet the 70-mark threshold. The latest report, “State of India’s Environment 2025 in Figures,” published by Down To Earth magazine and the Centre for Science and Environment, reveals alarming gaps in sewage treatment and river health. Even the highest-ranked state, Andhra Pradesh, scored only 68.38 out of 100.
22. NASA’s Voyager 1 spacecraft made discovery in the realm of space exploration. From nearly 24 billion kilometres away, it detected a shell of superheated plasma at the heliopause, the boundary where the Sun’s influence ends. This finding sheds light on the dynamics of the heliosphere and interstellar space.
23. Recent studies on snowflake yeast have revealed intriguing vital information about the evolution of multicellular organisms. This yeast, which exhibits unique growth patterns, has become a focal point for researchers exploring how lifeforms transitioned from unicellular to multicellular structures.
24. In 2026, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) will conduct India’s first comprehensive Household Income Survey. This initiative aims to provide a clearer picture of household incomes across the nation. A Technical Expert Group (TEG) has been established to guide the survey’s methodologies and ensure reliability in the findings.
25. Countries convened in Punta del Este, Uruguay, from 15th to 18th June 2025, to establish a new global science-policy panel on chemical pollution. This initiative aims to support the sound management of chemicals and waste. However, delegates failed to adopt a core objective focused on protecting human health and the environment.
26. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile has made strides in asteroid discovery. Before its official operation, it has already identified over 2,100 new asteroids. This powerful telescope is designed to repeatedly scan the night sky. It is expected to uncover millions of unknown celestial objects.
27. Recent research reveals that modern-day Indians likely descend from three ancestral groups linked to Iranian and Central Asian cultures. This study published in the journal Cell provides vital information about the genetic history of India, denoting the complex interactions of migration and social practices over thousands of years.
28. Recent advancements in laser technology necessitate protective measures for both human eyes and sensitive optical devices. Researchers at the Raman Research Institute (RRI) have discovered that teak leaf extract, a byproduct typically discarded, holds potential for optical safety applications.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
Government Schemes
1. The NAKSHA programme, initiated by the Government of India, aims to reform urban land surveys using advanced geospatial technologies. As urban populations surge, the need for accurate land records becomes critical. The second phase of capacity-building training will begin on 2nd June 2025, following a successful first phase that trained 160 master trainers.
2. The Government of India introduced new regulations for Ladakh to address longstanding concerns from the local population regarding land, jobs, and cultural preservation. The regulations are a response to demands for increased autonomy and protection for the unique identity of Ladakh following its separation from Jammu and Kashmir in 2019.
3. The governments of Assam and Meghalaya have recently announced a collaborative initiative to establish a 55-megawatt hydropower and irrigation project. This development is part of a broader effort to address urban flooding in Guwahati and resolve a longstanding boundary dispute between the two states. The announcement came during a meeting between Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma and Meghalaya Chief Minister Conrad K. Sangma.
4. The Waqf UMEED portal is officially set to launch on 6th June 2025. This initiative aims to digitise and streamline the registration of Waqf properties across India. The launch follows the enactment of the Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2025, which received presidential assent on 5th April. The portal is designed to enhance transparency and efficiency in managing Waqf properties.
5. The Samruddhi Mahamarg, also known as Hindu Hrudaysamrat Balasaheb Thackeray Maharashtra Samruddhi Mahamarg, is a monumental road infrastructure initiative in Maharashtra. This 701-km expressway connects Mumbai to Nagpur, dramatically reducing travel time to just seven hours. The project was officially inaugurated on 5th June 2025, with the final 76-km stretch from Igatpuri to Amane now operational.
6. The Government of India has expressed concern over the underutilisation of funds allocated to assist poor prisoners who cannot secure bail due to financial difficulties. This initiative, known as the ‘Support to Poor Prisoner’s Scheme’, was introduced in May 2023. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has urged states and union territories (UTs) to identify eligible prisoners and utilise the funds effectively.
7. World Environment Day was marked by initiative from the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE) in India. The launch of the Waste Picker Enumeration App under the NAMASTE Scheme aims to profile and empower Waste Pickers across the country. This event brought into light the government’s commitment to environmental justice and worker dignity.
8. The Government of India launched the Ayush Nivesh Saarthi portal. This initiative aims to position India as a global leader in traditional medicine and wellness. The launch took place during the Ayush Stakeholder/Industry Interaction Meet in New Delhi. The event was attended by key government officials and industry leaders.
9. The Government of India is set to launch a Statistical Business Register (SBR). This initiative aims to enhance the quality of business data across the country. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is leading this project. The SBR will provide a comprehensive database of businesses operating at district and state levels.
10. The Government of India has recently updated regulations for Special Economic Zones (SEZs) focused on semiconductor and electronic component manufacturing. Announced on 9th June 2025, these changes aim to enhance investment and manufacturing in high-tech sectors.
11. The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare in India is set to launch CROPIC, an innovative initiative aimed at enhancing crop monitoring and loss assessment. CROPIC stands for Collection of Real-Time Observations & Photo of Crops. This initiative is as it leverages artificial intelligence and crowd-sourced data to improve agricultural practices and financial support for farmers.
12. The Government of India is preparing to implement change in the political landscape by rolling out a reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies. This initiative, known as the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, is closely tied to the delimitation exercise that will follow the upcoming Census.
13. The Punjab government has initiated the Punjab Udyog Kranti programme, claiming to be the first in India to launch such a comprehensive industrial revolution. This initiative aims to simplify and expedite the processes involved in establishing industries in the state.
14. The Union government has initiated structural mechanisms to enhance the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) of 2006. The FRA aims to recognise the rights of Scheduled Tribes and forest-dwelling communities over forest resources. The new measures come under the Dharti Aba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyaan (DAJGUA), which seeks to streamline the process of granting forest rights.
15. The Indian Union Finance Ministry has introduced a spending cap of 60% on the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) for the first half of the Financial Year 2025-26. This marks change as the programme was previously exempt from such limitations. The decision aims to address ongoing financial challenges within the scheme but has raised concerns among civil society and worker unions.
16. The Gati Shakti Multi-Modal Cargo Terminal at Maruti Suzuki’s Manesar facility was inaugurated by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw. This terminal is India’s largest automobile cargo terminal. It enhances logistics for automobile transportation. The terminal connects to Patli railway station via a dedicated 10 km rail link.
17. The Government of India has recently progressed in gender budgeting with the launch of the Gender Budgeting Knowledge Hub. This initiative aims to enhance the understanding and implementation of gender budgeting processes across various sectors. The launch occurred during a national consultation held in New Delhi, denoting the government’s commitment to inclusive governance.
18. The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has introduced a new framework for conducting comprehensive special audits in India’s aviation sector. This initiative follows a tragic incident involving Air India’s flight AI171, which crashed shortly after take-off, leading to loss of life.
19. The Telangana government will launch the Telangana Rising 2047 Vision Policy Document. This initiative aims to transform the state into a $3 trillion economy by 2047, with an interim goal of reaching a $1 trillion economy by 2035. The policy reflects a commitment to sustainable and inclusive growth across various sectors.
20. The Andhra Pradesh government recently launched the Swarna Andhra @2047 vision. This initiative aims to revitalise the state’s economy and governance. Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu presented this comprehensive roadmap during the first anniversary of the NDA government. The initiative seeks to transform the state from misgovernance to prosperity.
21. The NAVYA initiative is step towards empowering adolescent girls in India. Launched on 24th June 2025, this programme is a collaboration between the Ministry of Women and Child Development and the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. It aims to provide vocational training to girls aged 16 to 18 years, particularly in non-traditional job roles.
22. The Government of India has announced a detailed caste Census in Himachal Pradesh, set to begin in 2026. This initiative aims to gather comprehensive data on the caste composition of the state, which has a diverse demographic landscape. The Census will start in snow-bound areas before expanding to the rest of the state in 2027.
23. The Government of India introduced a market intervention price for mango farmers in Karnataka. This initiative aims to support farmers facing financial difficulties due to falling market prices. The Centre has set the intervention price at Rs. 1,616 per quintal, applicable for up to 2.5 lakh tonnes of mangoes.
24. The Government of India has recently approved 19 infrastructure projects in Jammu and Kashmir. This initiative is part of a broader effort to enhance connectivity and security in the region. The total investment for these projects amounts to Rs. 10,637 crore. Among these, four projects stand out due to their strategic importance.
25. The Sugamya Bharat App (SBA) is a vital initiative by the Government of India aimed at improving accessibility for persons with disabilities and elderly citizens. As of June 2025, the app has achieved remarkable milestones, including over 14,358 registered users and 83,791 downloads, predominantly from Android devices.
26. India is set to conduct its next population census by 1st March 2027. This census will be unique as it will be the first digital census in the nation’s history. It will also include a caste enumeration, development since caste data has not been collected in previous censuses. The last census took place in 2011, and the planned census for 2021 was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
Awards & Honours
1. India achieved a historic milestone by winning the presidency of the International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS). This election marked the first time in the organisation’s 100-year history that the presidency was determined through a ballot process. India’s candidacy, represented by Shri V. Srinivas, Secretary of the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), received 87 out of 141 votes.
2. Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi received the Grand Cross of the Order of Makarios III from Cyprus. This is the highest civilian honour awarded by Cyprus. The award reflects the strong ties between India and Cyprus. Modi dedicated the honour to the friendship between the two nations.
3. Salkhan Fossil Park, located in Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh, has recently been included in UNESCO’s Tentative List for World Heritage Sites. This recognition marks milestone for the region. The park is known for its ancient fossils, some dating back 1.4 billion years.
4. On 18th June 2025, eminent journalist and cultural intellectual Shri Ram Bahadur Rai was formally presented the Padma Bhushan, India’s third-highest civilian award, by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
5. The Hindu has been crowned the Champion of Digital Media Awards South Asia 2025, securing 10 awards across multiple categories at the WAN-IFRA Digital Media Awards, held in Chennai on 18th June 2025. The recognition underscores the media house’s leadership in digital innovation, storytelling, and audience engagement across the South Asian region.
6. Radhanath Swami, a globally respected spiritual teacher and senior monk of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), was conferred with a New York City honour at a special interfaith event hosted at the Bhakti Centre. The recognition, presented by NYC officials, celebrates his decades-long commitment to community service, interfaith dialogue, and spiritual leadership.
Sports
1. India delivered a stellar performance at the Asian Athletics Championships 2025, held in Gumi, Republic of Korea, from 27th to 31st May clinching 24 medals in total – 8 gold, 10 silver, and 6 bronze – to secure the second position in the overall medal standings, behind China.
2. Australian cricketing icon Glenn Maxwell has announced his retirement from One Day International (ODI) cricket, marking the end of a remarkable 13-year journey in the 50-over format. A two-time World Cup winner and holder of the highest ODI strike rate (126.70) among players with over 2000 runs, Maxwell leaves behind an enduring legacy in white-ball cricket.
3. South African wicketkeeper-batter Heinrich Klaasen has announced his retirement from international cricket, ending a notable seven-year tenure with the national side. The 33-year-old made the announcement on 2nd June 2025, following South Africa’s Champions Trophy semifinal exit earlier this year.
4. Royal Challengers Bengaluru won their maiden IPL title in 2025, defeating Punjab Kings by 6 runs at the Narendra Modi Stadium. RCB scored 190/9 batting first, while PBKS managed 184/7 in reply. The thrilling final ended years of heartbreak for RCB, crowning them champions at last.
5. Oscar Piastri, the 24-year-old Australian driver for McLaren, clinched his fifth win of the 2025 Formula One season by dominating the Spanish Grand Prix at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya. This impressive win, from pole position, came after a brief setback in previous races, helping him stretch his lead over teammate Lando Norris in the driver standings.
6. In a spectacular display of skill and determination, Indian Grandmaster D. Gukesh defeated World Chess Champion Magnus Carlsen at the prestigious Norway Chess 2025 tournament. This victory marks Gukesh’s first classical win over Carlsen, a momentous achievement for the 19-year-old prodigy and a significant milestone in his rapidly rising career.
7. In a landmark move celebrating two of Test cricket’s greatest icons, the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) and the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) have jointly announced that the historic Test series between India and England will now be known as the Anderson-Tendulkar Trophy.
8. In a move that has taken the cricketing world by surprise, Nicholas Pooran, the explosive left-handed batter and one of West Indies most prominent white-ball players, announced his retirement from international cricket on 10th June 2025, at the age of 29.
9. In a monumental moment for South African cricket, the Proteas claimed their first-ever ICC trophy by defeating defending champions Australia by five wickets in the World Test Championship (WTC) Final 2025 at Lord’s, London. This victory not only ended their long ICC title drought but also marked a cultural and sporting milestone for the nation.
10. Sweden’s pole vault sensation Armand Duplantis once again etched his name in the history books by breaking his own world record with a stunning 6.28-meter leap at the Diamond League meet in Stockholm on 15th June 2025.
11. Indian javelin ace Neeraj Chopra secured a stunning victory at the 2025 Paris Diamond League, registering a throw of 88.16 metres in his first attempt. This win marks his first major title in two years and a significant comeback in the Diamond League series, reaffirming his position as one of the top javelin throwers in the world.
12. India unveiled the official logo and mascot of the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships at an event in New Delhi on 20th June 2025. This marks a significant moment as India is hosting the prestigious global para athletics event for the first time, to be held from 27th September to 5th October at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium.
13. Rishabh Pant etched his name into the record books during the Headingley Test against England in June 2025. The dynamic wicketkeeper-batsman smashed centuries in both innings-134 in the first and 118 in the second-becoming only the second wicketkeeper in Test history to achieve this rare feat.
14. Indian cricketer Rinku Singh is set to join the Uttar Pradesh Basic Education Department as a District Basic Education Officer (BSA). The appointment comes under the International Medal Winner Direct Recruitment Rules, 2022, a government policy recognizing and rewarding sportspersons who have brought glory to India at the international level.
15. The International Cricket Council (ICC) has introduced significant changes to the playing conditions for the 2025-27 World Test Championship (WTC) cycle, aiming to improve the pace and fairness of the game. Among the key updates is the implementation of a stop clock to tackle slow over rates in Test cricket-a move previously seen in limited-overs formats.
16. Indian Grandmaster R. Praggnanandhaa has clinched the UzChess Cup Masters 2025 title in Tashkent, marking his third major classical tournament victory this year. The win propelled the 19-year-old to a live rating of 2778.3, making him World No. 4 and India’s top-ranked player, ahead of fellow Grandmasters D. Gukesh and Arjun Erigaisi.
Monthly Current Affairs June 2025
Monthly Current Affairs May 2025
Users Today : 136
Total views : 687530