Species of Humans

• Modern humans are the only human species that exist in the world today.
• While the exact number of human species is a matter of debate, most scientists believe that there are at least 21 of them.

As per the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, there are over 21 human species.  Major among these are:

(1) Sahelanthropus tchadensis

• Sahelanthropus tchadensis is believed to be the oldest member of the human family tree.
• It lived about 7-6 million years ago somewhere around present-day Chad in Africa.
• It had both ape-like and human-like features and was bipedalled, an ability that may have increased its chances of survival.

(2) Homo erectus

• Homo erectus lived about 1.89 million-110,000 years ago, in Northern, Eastern, and Southern Africa and Western and East Asia.
• ‘Turkana Boy’ is the most complete fossil belonging to this species and is dated to be around 1.6 million years old.

(3) Modern man

• Homo neanderthalensis lived about 400,000-40,000 years ago and co-existed with Homo sapiens for a few thousand years.
• They lived in Europe and in southwestern and central Asia.
• Homo sapiens evolved about 300,000 years ago, and are found worldwide.

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