Process |
Definition |
Usage |
Electrolysis |
It is a process in which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. |
Electroplating, Production of pure form of some metals |
Saponification |
It is a process of converting fat into soap by treating it with an alkali. |
Manufacture of soaps |
Fermentation |
It is a metabolic process in which sugar or carbohydrate is converted to acid, gas or alcohol. |
Making of wine, liqour, curd etc. |
Vulcanisation |
It is a process in which natural rubber is treated with sulphur to make it more durable and elastic. |
Manufacture of tyres |
Emulsification |
It is a process in which large fat globules are broken down into tiny droplets. The tiny droplets are uniformly distributed in an immiscible liquid to form emulsion. |
Emulsions are used in paints, cosmetics, medicines etc. |
Sublimation |
It is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase. |
Used in frost-free refrigerators |
Pasteurisation |
It is a heat treatment process to kill bacteria in liquid food or beverages. |
Preservation of milk |
Carbonation |
It is a process of mixing carbondioxide in liquids under high pressure. |
Making of soft drinks |
Distillation |
It is a process of separating the component substances from a liquid mixture by selective evaporation and condensation. |
Separation of gasoline etc. from crude petroleum. |