Indian Freedom Fighters Facts
Mahatma Gandhi
- Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat.
- He studied law in London and was called to the bar in 1891.
- Gandhi spent about 21 years in South Africa fighting racial discrimination.
- He led the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920.
- Gandhi launched the Dandi Salt March in 1930, walking 390 km from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi.
- He was imprisoned multiple times by the British government.
- Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 in New Delhi by Nathuram Godse.
Subhas Chandra Bose
- Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Odisha.
- He ranked fourth in the Indian Civil Services examination in 1920 but resigned.
- Bose served as President of the Indian National Congress in 1938 and 1939.
- He escaped British house arrest in 1941.
- Bose reorganized the Indian National Army with Japanese support.
- He gave the slogan “Give me blood, and I will give you freedom.”
- Bose reportedly died in a plane crash in Taiwan on 18 August 1945, though controversy remains.
Indian Freedom Fighters Facts
Bhagat Singh
- Bhagat Singh was born on 28 September 1907 in Banga, Punjab (now in Pakistan).
- He was involved in the assassination of British officer J.P. Saunders in 1928.
- Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw non-lethal bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929.
- He used the trial to spread revolutionary ideas.
- Bhagat Singh was executed by hanging on 23 March 1931.
Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi
- Rani Lakshmibai was born on 19 November 1828 in Varanasi.
- She became queen of Jhansi after marrying Maharaja Gangadhar Rao.
- The British annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse in 1854.
- She led armed resistance during the Revolt of 1857.
- Rani Lakshmibai died in battle on 18 June 1858 near Gwalior.
Jawaharlal Nehru
- Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad.
- He studied at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge.
- Nehru was imprisoned by the British several times between 1921 and 1945.
- He became India’s first Prime Minister on 15 August 1947.
- Nehru served as Prime Minister until his death in 1964.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- Vallabhbhai Patel was born on 31 October 1875 in Gujarat.
- He played a major role in the Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928.
- Patel was India’s first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister.
- He led the integration of over 560 princely states into India.
- Patel died on 15 December 1950.
Indian Freedom Fighters Facts
Chandrashekhar Azad
- Chandrashekhar Azad was born on 23 July 1906 in Madhya Pradesh.
- His original name was Chandrashekhar Tiwari.
- He was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
- Azad vowed never to be captured alive by the British.
- He died on 27 February 1931 after shooting himself during a police encounter in Allahabad.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born on 23 July 1856 in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.
- He started newspapers Kesari and Maratha.
- Tilak popularized the slogan “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.”
- He was imprisoned in Mandalay, Burma, from 1908 to 1914.
- Tilak died on 1 August 1920.
Lala Lajpat Rai
- Lala Lajpat Rai was born on 28 January 1865 in Punjab.
- He was part of the Lal-Bal-Pal trio.
- Rai led protests against the Simon Commission in 1928.
- He was severely injured in a lathi charge by British police.
- He died on 17 November 1928 due to injuries.
Sarojini Naidu
- Sarojini Naidu was born on 13 February 1879 in Hyderabad.
- She became the first Indian woman President of the Indian National Congress in 1925.
- Naidu participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- She was imprisoned multiple times during the freedom struggle.
- She became the first woman Governor of an Indian state (Uttar Pradesh).
Indian Freedom Fighters Facts
Udham Singh
- Udham Singh was born on 26 December 1899 in Punjab.
- He witnessed the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919.
- Singh assassinated Michael O’Dwyer in London in 1940.
- He was executed by hanging on 31 July 1940.
Conclusion
Indian freedom fighters came from diverse backgrounds, ideologies, and regions, but each played a direct and documented role in the struggle against British colonial rule. Their actions—whether through non-violent protest, political leadership, or armed resistance—are supported by historical records and continue to shape India’s national identity.