MEMS stands for Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems. These are tiny devices—so small that you often need a microscope to see them—that combine mechanical parts (like tiny gears or moving structures) with electronic components on a single chip.

Think of MEMS as machines built at the size of dust particles. They can sense things, move, or interact with their environment—all while being incredibly small and efficient.

For example, inside your smartphone, there’s a MEMS device that senses how you’re holding the phone (portrait or landscape). That’s called an accelerometer, a type of MEMS sensor. Another example is the tiny microphone in your phone, which is also a MEMS device. Car airbags also rely on MEMS sensors to detect crashes and inflate at just the right moment.

MEMS are made using similar techniques as computer chips, like photolithography and etching. They’re used in everything from medical equipment and wearable devices to printers, gaming controllers, and even satellites.

In simple words, MEMS are mini machines with brains (electronics) and limbs (mechanical parts), working together to make modern technology smarter and more responsive.

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